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Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement
All textbooksBrown 14th EditionCh.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and MeasurementProblem 79
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Chapter 1, Problem 79

Hexane 1density = 0.659 g/mL2 and acetic acid 1density = 1.0446 g/mL2 do not form a solution when mixed but separate into distinct layers. A piece of oak wood 1density = 900 kg/m32 is placed inside a test tube containing hexane and acetic acid; sketch how the three substances would position themselves.

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1
Step 1: Convert the density of oak wood from kg/m^3 to g/mL for consistency with the other substances. Use the conversion factor: 1 kg/m^3 = 0.001 g/mL.
Step 2: Compare the densities of hexane, acetic acid, and oak wood. Note that substances with lower density will float on substances with higher density.
Step 3: Determine the order of layers based on density. The substance with the lowest density will be on top, and the one with the highest density will be at the bottom.
Step 4: Sketch the test tube with three layers. Label the top layer as hexane, the middle layer as oak wood, and the bottom layer as acetic acid based on their densities.
Step 5: Explain that the oak wood will float on acetic acid but sink in hexane, positioning itself between the two liquids.
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Textbook Question
In the United States, water used for irrigation is measured in acre-feet. An acre-foot of water covers an acre to a depth of exactly 1 ft. An acre is 4840 yd2. An acre-foot is enough water to supply two typical households for 1.00 yr. (a) If desalinated water costs $1950 per acre-foot, how much does desalinated water cost per liter?
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Open Question
By using estimation techniques, determine which of the following is the heaviest and which is the lightest: a 10-lb bag of fertilizer, a 10-kg bag of rice, or 2 gal of olive oil (density = 0.918 g/cm³).
Open Question
Suppose you decide to define your own temperature scale with units of O, using the freezing point 113 _x001F_C2 and boiling point 1360 _x001F_C2 of oleic acid, the main component of olive oil. If you set the freezing point of oleic acid as 0 _x001F_O and the boiling point as 100 _x001F_O, what is the freezing point of water on this new scale?
Textbook Question

Two spheres of equal volume are placed on the scales as shown. a. Which one is more dense?

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Textbook Question

Water has a density of 0.997 g/cm3 at 25 °C; ice has a density of 0.917 g/cm3 at -10 °C. (a) If a soft-drink bottle whose volume is 1.50 L is completely filled with water and then frozen to -10 °C, what volume does the ice occupy? (b) Can the ice be contained within the bottle?

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Textbook Question

A 32.65-g sample of a solid is placed in a flask. Toluene, in which the solid is insoluble, is added to the flask so that the total volume of solid and liquid together is 50.00 mL. The solid and toluene together weigh 58.58 g. The density of toluene at the temperature of the experiment is 0.864 g/mL. What is the density of the solid?

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