Ch.1 - Introduction: Matter, Energy, and Measurement

Problem 16a

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Chapter 1, Problem 16a

Give the chemical symbol or name for each of the following elements, as appropriate: (a) rhenium

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Chemical Symbols

Chemical symbols are one- or two-letter abbreviations used to represent chemical elements. Each symbol is unique to an element and is derived from its English or Latin name. For example, the symbol for rhenium is 'Re', which helps in identifying the element in chemical equations and periodic tables.

Element Names

Element names are the official names given to chemical elements, often reflecting their properties, discoverers, or places of discovery. Rhenium, for instance, is named after the Rhine River in Europe. Understanding element names is crucial for recognizing and communicating about different substances in chemistry.

Periodic Table

The periodic table is a systematic arrangement of elements based on their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties. It provides essential information about each element, including its symbol, atomic mass, and group classification. Familiarity with the periodic table is vital for identifying elements like rhenium and understanding their relationships with other elements.

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Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous: (c) diamond

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Classify each of the following as a pure substance or a mixture. If a mixture, indicate whether it is homogeneous or heterogeneous: (d) mayonnaise.

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Give the chemical symbol or name for the following elements, as appropriate: (c) cobalt

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A solid white substance A is heated strongly in the absence of air. It decomposes to form a new white substance B and a gas C. The gas has exactly the same properties as the product obtained when carbon is burned in an excess of oxygen. Based on these observations, can we determine whether solids A and B and gas C are elements or compounds?

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Textbook Question

Zirconia, an oxide of zirconium, is often used as an affordable diamond substitute. Just like diamond, it is a colorless crystal which sparkles under sunlight. Which of the following physical properties do you think would help in differentiating between diamond and Zirconia—melting point, density, or physical state?

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In the process of attempting to characterize a substance, a chemist makes the following observations: The substance is a silvery white, lustrous metal. It melts at 649 °C and boils at 1105 °C. Its density at 20 °C is 1.738 g/cm³. The substance burns in air, producing an intense white light. It reacts with chlorine to give a brittle white solid. The substance can be pounded into thin sheets or drawn into wires. It is a good conductor of electricity. Which of these characteristics are physical properties, and which are chemical properties?

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