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Ch.12 - Solids and Modern Materials
Chapter 12, Problem 129c

(c) Employing the values of average bond enthalpy in Table 8.3, estimate the overall enthalpy change for converting PVC to diamond.
Table showing average bond energies for various chemical bonds in kJ/mol.

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1
Identify the chemical structure of PVC (polyvinyl chloride), which consists of repeating units of -CH2-CHCl-. Each unit contains one C-C bond, one C-H bond, and one C-Cl bond.
Identify the chemical structure of diamond, which is a network of carbon atoms bonded together by C-C bonds in a tetrahedral arrangement.
Calculate the total bond energy required to break all the bonds in PVC. For each repeating unit, consider the bond energies for C-C, C-H, and C-Cl bonds using the provided table.
Calculate the total bond energy required to form the C-C bonds in diamond. Use the bond energy for C-C bonds from the table.
Estimate the overall enthalpy change by subtracting the total bond energy of the bonds formed (in diamond) from the total bond energy of the bonds broken (in PVC). This will give you the enthalpy change for the conversion of PVC to diamond.

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Although polyethylene can twist and turn in random ways, the most stable form is a linear one with the carbon backbone oriented as shown in the following figure:

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(a) In polyvinyl chloride shown in Table 12.6, which bonds have the lowest average bond enthalpy?

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