The accompanying graph illustrates the decay of ⁸⁸₄₂Mo, which decays via positron emission. (d) What is the product of the decay process? [Section 21.4]

Key Concepts

Radioactive Decay

Radioactive decay is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by emitting radiation. This can occur through various modes, including alpha decay, beta decay, and positron emission. In the case of positron emission, a proton in the nucleus is transformed into a neutron, releasing a positron and a neutrino, which results in a decrease in the atomic number of the element.

Decay Products

The decay product is the new element or isotope formed as a result of radioactive decay. For example, when molybdenum-88 ( 88 42Mo) undergoes positron emission, it transforms into a different element with a lower atomic number. Understanding the decay products is crucial for applications in nuclear chemistry, medicine, and radiometric dating.

Half-Life

Half-life is the time required for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay. This concept is essential for predicting the behavior of radioactive substances over time. The graph provided illustrates the decay of radon-218, showing how the mass decreases exponentially, which is characteristic of half-life behavior in radioactive decay processes.