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Ch.14 - Chemical Kinetics
Chapter 14, Problem 93

The reaction AB(aq) → A(g) + B(g) is second order in AB and has a rate constant of 0.0118 M^-1 s^-1 at 25.0 °C. A reaction vessel initially contains 250.0 mL of 0.100 M AB that is allowed to react to form the gaseous product. The product is collected over water at 25.0 °C. How much time is required to produce 200.0 mL of the products at a barometric pressure of 755.1 mmHg? (The vapor pressure of water at this temperature is 23.8 mmHg.)

Verified step by step guidance
1
Identify the initial concentration of AB, which is 0.100 M, and the initial volume of the solution, which is 250.0 mL.
Use the ideal gas law to determine the moles of gas produced. First, calculate the pressure of the gas by subtracting the vapor pressure of water from the barometric pressure: \( P_{gas} = 755.1 \text{ mmHg} - 23.8 \text{ mmHg} \).
Convert the volume of the gas produced (200.0 mL) to liters and use the ideal gas law \( PV = nRT \) to find the moles of gas, where \( R = 0.0821 \text{ L atm K}^{-1} \text{ mol}^{-1} \) and \( T = 298 \text{ K} \).
Determine the change in concentration of AB using the stoichiometry of the reaction and the moles of gas produced. Since the reaction is second order, use the integrated rate law for a second-order reaction: \( \frac{1}{[AB]_t} = \frac{1}{[AB]_0} + kt \).
Solve for the time \( t \) using the integrated rate law, where \( k = 0.0118 \text{ M}^{-1} \text{ s}^{-1} \), \([AB]_0 = 0.100 \text{ M}\), and \([AB]_t\) is the concentration of AB after the reaction.
Related Practice
Textbook Question

Dinitrogen pentoxide decomposes in the gas phase to form nitrogen dioxide and oxygen gas. The reaction is first order in dinitrogen pentoxide and has a half-life of 2.81 h at 25 °C. If a 1.5-L reaction vessel initially contains 745 torr of N2O5 at 25 °C, what partial pressure of O2 is present in the vessel after 215 minutes?

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Textbook Question

Iodine atoms combine to form I2 in liquid hexane solvent with a rate constant of 1.5⨉1010 L/mols. The reaction is second order in I. Since the reaction occurs so quickly, the only way to study the reaction is to create iodine atoms almost instantaneously, usually by photochemical decomposition of I2. Suppose a flash of light creates an initial [I] concentration of 0.0100 M. How long will it take for 95% of the newly created iodine atoms to recombine to form I2?

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Open Question
Is the question asking for the mass of sucrose hydrolyzed when 2.55 L of a 0.150 M sucrose solution is allowed to react for 195 minutes, given that the hydrolysis of sucrose (C12H22O11) into glucose and fructose in acidic water has a rate constant of 1.8 * 10^-4 s^-1 at 25 °C and the reaction is first order in sucrose?
Open Question
The reaction 2 H2O2(aq) → 2 H2O(l) + O2(g) is first order in H2O2 and under certain conditions has a rate constant of 0.00752 s⁻¹ at 20.0 °C. A reaction vessel initially contains 150.0 mL of 30.0% H2O2 by mass solution (the density of the solution is 1.11 g/mL). The gaseous oxygen is collected over water at 20.0 °C as it forms. What volume of O2 forms in 85.0 seconds at a barometric pressure of 742.5 mmHg? (The vapor pressure of water at this temperature is 17.5 mmHg.)
Textbook Question

Consider this energy diagram:

a. How many elementary steps are involved in this reaction?

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Textbook Question

Consider this energy diagram:

d. Is the overall reaction endothermic or exothermic?

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