Nitrogen has a normal boiling point of 77.3 K and a melting point (at 1 atm) of 63.1 K. Its critical temperature is 126.2 K and its critical pressure is 2.55×10 4 torr. It has a triple point at 63.1 K and 94.0 torr. Sketch the phase diagram for nitrogen. Does nitrogen have a stable liquid state at 1 atm?

Hey everyone, we're told that hydrogen has, it's triple point at 13.8 kelvin and 7.4 kg pascal's the normal at 100 and 1.325. Kill pascal's melting and boiling temperatures are 14.5 kelvin and 20.28 kelvin. Its critical temperature and pressure are 32.98 kelvin and 1293 Killah pascal's with these values sketch this phase diagram for hydrogen at 100 and 1.325 Kill A pascal's. Does hydrogen have a stable liquid state? So first let's go ahead and organize our given values. So let's go ahead and separate our pressure and our temperature starting with our triple point, We were told that our pressure is at 7.04 kill a pascal's while our temperature is at 13.8 Kelvin. Next looking at our melting point, We were told that we were at 101.325 kill a pascal's while our temperature is at 14.05 Kelvin. Now, let's go ahead and look at our boiling For our boiling point, we were told that our pressure is again at 101.325. Kill a Pascal's while our temperature is at 20.28 Kelvin. And lastly looking at our critical pressure and are critical temperature, We were told that our critical pressure is at 1293 Killah Pascal's. While our temperature is at 32.98 Kelvin. Now, let's go ahead and draw out our phase diagram. So I'll pull up our phase diagram right here. So first we had to label our axes with X being our temperature in kelvin. While ry is our pressure in kila pascal's. Next we have to locate our points and we have to draw curved lines passing through those marked points. So here we have our melting point, our triple point are boiling point and lastly our critical point. Now from left to right, we have to label our phases. So we have our solid phase followed by our liquid phase and lastly, our gas phase, the low temperatures are most appropriate for the solid phase while the high temperatures are most suitable for the gas phase. So to answer a question at 100 and 1.325 killer pascal's which is around this region right here we see that we pass through all three regions solid liquid and gas. So answering this question, we can see that yes, hydrogen does have a stable liquid ST and that would be in this region right here under our liquid phase. Now, I hope this made sense. And let us know if you have any questions

Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

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Tro 4th Edition

Ch.11 - Liquids, Solids & Intermolecular Forces

Problem 75

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Chapter 11, Problem 75

Nitrogen has a normal boiling point of 77.3 K and a melting point (at 1 atm) of 63.1 K. Its critical temperature is 126.2 K and its critical pressure is 2.55×10⁴ torr. It has a triple point at 63.1 K and 94.0 torr. Sketch the phase diagram for nitrogen. Does nitrogen have a stable liquid state at 1 atm?

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Identify the key points to plot on the phase diagram: the normal boiling point, melting point, critical point, and triple point. These points are given in the problem statement.

Plot the triple point at 63.1 K and 94.0 torr. This point represents the unique set of conditions where solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist.

Plot the melting point at 63.1 K and 1 atm (760 torr). This indicates the temperature at which solid nitrogen transitions to liquid nitrogen under atmospheric pressure.

Plot the normal boiling point at 77.3 K and 1 atm. This is the temperature at which liquid nitrogen boils into nitrogen gas under atmospheric pressure.

Plot the critical point at 126.2 K and 2.55 * 104 torr. This point represents the temperature and pressure above which nitrogen cannot exist as a liquid, regardless of the pressure applied.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Phase Diagram

A phase diagram is a graphical representation that shows the states of a substance (solid, liquid, gas) at various temperatures and pressures. It includes key features such as the lines of equilibrium between phases, the critical point, and the triple point, where all three phases coexist. Understanding how to read and interpret a phase diagram is essential for analyzing the behavior of substances under different conditions.

Triple Point

The triple point of a substance is the specific temperature and pressure at which all three phases (solid, liquid, and gas) can coexist in equilibrium. For nitrogen, this occurs at 63.1 K and 94.0 torr. This concept is crucial for understanding the conditions under which a substance can exist as a liquid, and it helps determine the stability of the liquid phase at various pressures.

Critical Temperature and Pressure

The critical temperature is the highest temperature at which a substance can exist as a liquid, regardless of pressure, while the critical pressure is the minimum pressure required to maintain the liquid state at this temperature. For nitrogen, the critical temperature is 126.2 K and the critical pressure is 2.55 * 10^4 torr. These concepts are vital for determining whether nitrogen can exist as a stable liquid at 1 atm, which is below its critical temperature.

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