Hello, everyone. In this lesson, we are going to do a brief overview and refresher on the different types of organelles, just so you guys can know the different types of organelles. And we're going to go over some key characteristics of organelles. So remember that organelles are going to be characteristic of Eukaryotic Cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have organelles, eukaryotic cells do. Now, before you get overwhelmed by this chart, don't get overwhelmed. You've seen all these things before. These are all the different types of organelles that you learned about in general bio. We're just this chart is here for you as a refresher if you need it. If you don't need it, don't worry about it. Or if you like it as a study tool, that is great as well. So this chart here has the eukaryotic organelles or the eukaryotic cellular components, excuse me, and then their function in this column. And I did color code it. The blue shows organelles by their definition, which are membrane-bound compartments. And the yellow shows structures that are not technically considered organelles, but they are really important for you to know. So blue are membrane-bound organelles. Yellow are important structures that you are going to need to know and understand.
So, the first one, you can see that they have numbers 1 through, I believe it's 14, and that's going to refer to a diagram that is down here that we'll scroll down to and we'll look at in just a second. So number 1 is the nucleolus. Remember that this is kind of the center area of the nucleus. This is where ribosomes are going to be created and where a lot of ribosomal genes are created. This is not considered an organelle on its own because it's going to be a part of the nucleus as a whole. The nucleus is in blue. This is number 2. This is entirely an organelle because it is a membrane-bound structure. And this is where your DNA is going to be stored and your RNA is going to be transcribed. Now, the ribosome is number 3. Technically, a ribosome is not going to be a membrane-bound structure, but it's very commonly called an organelle, and that can be kind of confusing. So just know that the definition of an organelle is a membrane-bound compartment with a very specific function. But sometimes, people will call ribosomes organelles anyways, but you get the point. This is a very important structure. Just know what ribosomes do. Remember, they are going to translate mRNA into protein.
Now, vesicles are going to be transportation membrane-bound structures. Rough endoplasmic reticulum is going to be an organelle, which is a membrane coated with ribosomes. And this membrane coated with ribosomes is going to be very important for the creation of proteins and the transportation of those proteins. The Golgi apparatus is another membrane system, and this is going to be utilized for modification, sorting, and packaging of proteins and lipids, and it is going to send a lot of signals and do a lot of transportation. Now the cytoskeleton is in yellow here because these are not membrane-bound structures, but they're very important structures that you do need to know. The cytoskeleton, remember, includes intermediate filaments, actin filaments, and microtubules, all with their own unique jobs, but basically they're utilized for support, transportation, and cellular division. Remember, microtubules are going to be the very important pieces of the cytoskeleton skeleton that move chromosomes during cellular division. Now, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is going to be very similar to the rough endoplasmic reticulum, just it doesn't have any ribosomes. The rough endoplasmic reticulum looks rough because it's covered in ribosomes. The smooth endopla
