Textbook Question
Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.
609
views
Ch. 9 - Cellular Respiration and Fermentation
Chapter 9, Problem 7
The text claims that the evolution of an oxygen-rich atmosphere paved the way for increasingly efficient cellular respiration and higher growth rates in organisms. Explain.
Verified Solution
Video duration:
1m
This video solution was recommended by our tutors as helpful for the problem above.Was this helpful?
Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the biochemical process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy, carbon dioxide, and water. This process is essential for producing ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy currency of the cell. The efficiency of cellular respiration increases with the availability of oxygen, allowing organisms to generate more energy to support growth and metabolic activities.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:39
Introduction to Cellular Respiration
Oxygen-Rich Atmosphere
An oxygen-rich atmosphere refers to an environment where oxygen levels are significantly higher than those found in an anaerobic atmosphere. The Great Oxygenation Event, which occurred around 2.4 billion years ago, led to a dramatic increase in atmospheric oxygen due to photosynthetic organisms. This shift enabled aerobic organisms to thrive, as they could utilize oxygen for more efficient energy production.
Recommended video:
Guided course
07:27Oxygen Requirement Classes of Microbes
Evolution and Growth Rates
Evolution refers to the process by which species change over time through natural selection and adaptation to their environments. An oxygen-rich atmosphere allowed for the evolution of more complex life forms that could grow faster and reproduce more efficiently. Higher growth rates in organisms are often linked to increased energy availability from enhanced cellular respiration, leading to greater biodiversity and ecological complexity.
Recommended video:
Guided course
03:26Population Growth Rate vs. Per Capita Population Growth Rate
Related Practice
Textbook Question
If you were to expose cells that are undergoing aerobic respiration to a radioactive oxygen isotope in the form of O2, which of the following molecules would you expect to be radiolabeled? a. pyruvate b. water c. NADH d. CO2
1073
views
1
rank
Textbook Question
In step 3 of the citric acid cycle, the enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase is regulated by NADH. Compare and contrast the regulation of this enzyme with the regulation of phosphofructokinase in glycolysis.
753
views
Textbook Question
Explain the relationship between electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation. How do uncoupling proteins 'uncouple' this relationship in brown adipose tissue?
631
views
Textbook Question
The researchers who observed that magnetite was produced by bacterial cultures from the deep subsurface carried out a follow-up experiment. These biologists treated some of the cultures with a drug that poisons the enzymes involved in electron transport chains. In cultures where the drug was present, no more magnetite was produced. Does this result support or undermine their hypothesis that the bacteria in the cultures perform cellular respiration? Explain your reasoning.
498
views
Textbook Question
Draw a chemical equation to represent the redox reaction that occurs when methane (CH4) burns in the presence of oxygen (O2). Identify the reactant that is reduced and the reactant that is oxidized. Of the four molecules that should be in your equation, point out the one that has bonds with the highest potential energy.
1026
views
1
rank