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Ch. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First Cells
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All textbooksFreeman 8th EditionCh. 6 - Lipids, Membranes, and the First CellsProblem 15

Chapter 6, Problem 15

To study the effect of lipids on heart disease, researchers fed mice diets including cholesterol (Control), cholesterol with trans fatty acids (Trans), or cholesterol with cis fatty acids (Cis). After 8 weeks, they examined them for atherosclerosis—the narrowing of arteries that is a leading cause of heart attacks. Data from their observations of atherosclerotic lesions are provided below (* means 𝑃<0.05; see BioSkills 3). What do these data reveal concerning lipid structure and heart disease in mice?


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1
Examine the graph to understand the data presented. The y-axis represents the atherosclerotic lesion size in mm², and the x-axis represents the different diet groups: Control, Trans, and Cis.
Observe the data points for each group. The Control group has red circles, the Trans group has purple squares, and the Cis group has green triangles.
Note the mean lesion size and the error bars for each group. The Control group has the smallest mean lesion size, followed by the Cis group, and the Trans group has the largest mean lesion size.
Identify the statistical significance indicated by the asterisks (*). The asterisks suggest that the differences between the groups are statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Interpret the results: The data suggest that trans fatty acids increase atherosclerotic lesion size more than cis fatty acids and the control diet. This indicates that the structure of lipids (trans vs. cis) has a significant impact on heart disease in mice.
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