Chapter 6, Problem 5
How do the extracellular filaments in plants differ from those in animals? a. Plant filaments resist compression forces; animal filaments resist pulling forces. b. Animal filaments consist of proteins; plant filaments consist of polysaccharides. c. Plant extracellular filaments never move; animal filaments can slide past one another. d. Plant filaments run parallel to one another; animal filaments crisscross.
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What two conditions must be present for osmosis to occur?Integral membrane proteins are anchored in lipid bilayers.
Which of the following groups of amino acid residues (see Ch. 3, Figure 3.2) would likely be found in the portion that crosses the lipid bilayer? a. acidic b. basic c. polar uncharged d. nonpolar
Cooking oil lipids consist of long, unsaturated hydrocarbon chains. Would you expect these molecules to form membranes spontaneously? Why or why not? Describe, on a molecular level, how you would expect these lipids to behave in water.
Draw and label the plasma membrane of a cell that is placed in a solution with concentrations of calcium ions and lactose that are greater than those on the inside of the cell. Use arrows to show the relevant gradients and the activity of the following membrane proteins: (1) a pump that exports protons; (2) a calcium channel; and (3) a lactose carrier.
In terms of structure, how do channel proteins differ from carrier proteins?
Suppose a cell is placed in a solution with a high concentration of potassium and no sodium. How would the cellular sodium–potassium pump function in this environment? a. It would stop moving ions across the membrane. b. It would continue using ATP to pump sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell. c. It would move sodium and potassium ions across the membrane, but no ATP would be used. d. It would reverse the direction of sodium and potassium ions to move them against their gradients.