Plants experience a vast array of conditions that can alter their growth and development, including temperature and availability of water, nutrients, and light. They are also exposed to pollutants such as acid rain formed largely as a result of burning fossil fuels and volcanic eruptions. Acid rain can strip minerals and nutrients from the soil, and eat away the outer waxy layer of tissue that protects a plant. Acid rain is still a major environmental problem in certain regions. How does acid rain affect plant growth? Which meristem was likely affected in the chinaberry tree?

Key Concepts

Acid Rain

Acid rain refers to precipitation that has a lower pH than normal, primarily due to the presence of sulfuric and nitric acids formed from pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides. This acidic precipitation can harm plants by leaching essential nutrients from the soil and damaging plant tissues, particularly the protective cuticle, leading to increased vulnerability to disease and environmental stress.

Meristematic Tissue

Meristematic tissue is a type of plant tissue responsible for growth, consisting of undifferentiated cells that can divide and differentiate into various types of plant cells. There are two main types of meristems: apical meristems, located at the tips of roots and shoots, and lateral meristems, which contribute to the thickness of stems and roots. Damage to meristematic tissue can significantly impact a plant's growth and development.

Impact of Environmental Stress on Plants

Environmental stress, such as that caused by acid rain, can adversely affect plant growth by disrupting physiological processes like photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and water regulation. Stress can lead to stunted growth, reduced biomass, and increased susceptibility to pests and diseases. Understanding how plants respond to such stressors is crucial for assessing their health and resilience in changing environments.