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Ch. 29 - Fungi
All textbooksFreeman 8th EditionCh. 29 - FungiProblem 14
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Chapter 28, Problem 14

Explain the process of extracellular digestion that occurs during the growth of Pilobolus mycelia through dung.

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Hello everyone and welcome to today's video to the soprano trophic fungi such as palavela feed on their organisms by releasing extra cellular enzymes. What is the main function of these extra cellular enzymes? Remember that enzymes, our proteins and many of these enzymes that these fungi release in order to decompose are what we call hydrologic enzymes. Now I want you to recall from previous videos the function of these hydrologic enzymes because it is very important. The function of them is the breakdown of larger molecules into smaller parts. Since we're breaking down these larger organic matter into smaller parts that are consumable for for the fungi, then the function or the reason why they release these extra cellular enzymes is to basically break down their food for nutrition. That is the final answer to a question. And I really hope this video helped you.
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Textbook Question

Some fungi have elaborate mechanisms for dispersing spores. For example, the 'squirt gun' fungus Pilobolus, which grows in cow dung, forcibly shoots off tiny black sporangia filled with spores. Any sporangia that are flung onto fresh grass are likely to be eaten by a grazing cow, passed through its digestive system unharmed, and deposited in a new batch of dung. The spores carried within the sporangia are perfectly positioned to grow into a new mycelium. Pilobolus is a zygomycete, and the sporangia just described produce asexual spores. In contrast, which of the following best describes what happens during the sexual phase of its life cycle? a. It produces eight ascospores in each ascus. b. It produces basidiospores that grow into mushrooms. c. It produces motile sperm and eggs. d. Hyphae from two compatible mating types fuse and form a zygosporangium.

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Textbook Question

Both asexual sporangia (shown in the photo) and zygosporangia can be found in cow dung. Make a simplified drawing that illustrates the events of plasmogamy, karyogamy, and meiosis that occur during sexual reproduction in Pilobolus. Be sure to indicate and label the zygosporangium.

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Textbook Question

Would you describe the association between Pilobolus and cows as a symbiotic relationship? Explain your answer.

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Textbook Question

Using high-speed video, researchers have measured several variables associated with sporangium discharge in various spore-shooting fungi. Based on the data in the table shown here, how do the launch speed and acceleration of Pilobolus compare with those of the other fungi? How does launch speed for each species compare with the top speed of 44 km/h reached by Jamaican athlete Usain Bolt during his 2009 world-record-setting 100-m race?

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Textbook Question

Propose an experiment to test whether Pilobolus shoots its sporangia preferentially toward light. Hypothesize why such a preference might be advantageous.

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