Chapter 21, Problem 5
Explain the logic behind the claim that the nuclear envelope is a synapomorphy that defines eukaryotes as a monophyletic group.
Video transcript
Traits that are derived from a common ancestor, like the bones of human arms and bird wings, are said to be .
How can evolutionary fitness be measured? Select True or False for each statement. T/F Document how long individuals survive. T/F Count the number of healthy, fertile offspring produced. T/F Determine which individuals are strongest. T/F Determine which phenotype is the most common.
According to data presented in this chapter, which of the following are correct? Select True or False for each statement. T/F When individuals change in response to challenges from the environment, their altered traits are passed on to offspring. T/F Species are created independently of each other and do not change over time. T/F Populations—not individuals—change when natural selection occurs. T/F The traits of populations become more perfect over time.
Some biologists summarize evolution by natural selection with the phrase 'mutation proposes, selection disposes.' Mutation is a process that creates heritable variation. Explain what the phrase means.
Why don't the biggest and strongest individuals in a population always produce the most offspring? a. The biggest and strongest individuals always have higher fitness. b. In some environments, being big and strong lowers fitness. c. Sometimes the biggest and strongest individuals may choose to have fewer offspring. d. Sometimes the number of offspring is not related to fitness.
Evaluate this statement: Evolution is said to occur when new traits accumulate over time, increasing complexity.