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Ch. 18 - Control of Gene Expression in Bacteria
Chapter 17, Problem 15

What characteristic of the light-producing regulatory circuit is consistent with the idea that it may be a regulon? What characteristic of this circuit stretches the definition for a regulon?

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Step 1: Understand the concept of a regulon. A regulon is a group of genes that are regulated as a single unit, usually in response to a single regulatory signal. They are typically controlled by the same regulatory protein and are activated or repressed simultaneously.
Step 2: Identify the characteristic of the light-producing regulatory circuit that is consistent with the idea that it may be a regulon. If the light-producing regulatory circuit involves a group of genes that are regulated together in response to a single signal (in this case, light), then it is consistent with the definition of a regulon.
Step 3: Consider the characteristic of the light-producing regulatory circuit that stretches the definition for a regulon. If the genes in the circuit are not all controlled by the same regulatory protein, or if they are not all activated or repressed simultaneously, then this would stretch the definition of a regulon.
Step 4: Analyze the light-producing regulatory circuit in detail. Look at the specific genes involved, the regulatory proteins that control them, and the conditions under which they are activated or repressed. This will help you determine whether or not the circuit fits the definition of a regulon.
Step 5: Draw a conclusion based on your analysis. If the light-producing regulatory circuit meets all the criteria for a regulon, then it can be considered as such. If it does not meet all the criteria, then it stretches the definition of a regulon.

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Key Concepts

Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.

Regulon

A regulon is a collection of genes or operons that are regulated by the same regulatory protein, allowing coordinated expression in response to environmental changes. This concept is crucial for understanding how cells can efficiently respond to stimuli by activating or repressing multiple genes simultaneously, often leading to a unified physiological response.

Light-Producing Regulatory Circuit

The light-producing regulatory circuit refers to the network of genes and proteins involved in the synthesis and regulation of light-emitting compounds, such as luciferin and luciferase in bioluminescent organisms. This circuit exemplifies how environmental signals, like light, can influence gene expression and metabolic pathways, highlighting the interplay between external stimuli and internal regulatory mechanisms.
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Definition Stretching

Stretching the definition of a regulon occurs when a regulatory circuit exhibits characteristics that do not fit neatly into the traditional understanding of a regulon, such as having multiple regulatory proteins or complex interactions with other circuits. This complexity can challenge the simplicity of the regulon concept, suggesting that gene regulation can be more intricate and interconnected than previously thought.
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Related Practice
Textbook Question

The light-producing genes of V. fischeri are organized in an operon that is under positive control by an activator protein called LuxR. Would you expect the genes of this operon to be transcribed when LuxR is bound or not bound to a DNA regulatory sequence? Explain.

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Textbook Question

The diagram shown here is a model of the gene regulatory circuit for light production by V. fischeri cells. The lux operon contains genes for luminescence (luxCDABE) and a gene, luxI, that encodes an enzyme that catalyzes the production of an inducer. This inducer easily moves back and forth across the plasma membrane and acts as a signaling molecule. The lux operon is never completely turned off. The luxR gene codes for the activator LuxR. The inducer can bind to LuxR, and when it does, the LuxR–inducer complex can bind to a regulatory site to activate transcription of the lux operon and inhibit transcription of luxR. Explain how this gene regulatory circuit accounts for bacteria emitting light only when they reach a high cell density.

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Textbook Question

LuxR is allosterically regulated by the inducer molecule secreted by V. fischeri. What does it mean that LuxR is allosterically regulated?

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Textbook Question

Quorum sensing (introduced in Ch. 11, Section 11.4) allows bacteria to detect the number of neighboring cells and to trigger a response only when this number reaches a critical level. Quorum sensing is used by V. fischeri in light production and by many pathogenic bacteria, including Vibrio cholerae, to turn on genes for toxin production only when a critical cell density is reached. Why might quorum sensing be beneficial to pathogenic bacteria?

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