Textbook Question
Activation of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system a. increases heart rate. b. enhances digestion. c. triggers release of epinephrine. d. causes conversion of glycogen to glucose.
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Ch. 49 - Nervous Systems
Chapter 49, Problem 3
Patients with damage to Wernicke's area have difficulty a. coordinating limb movement. b. generating speech. c. recognizing faces. d. understanding language.
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Identify the function of Wernicke's area: Wernicke's area is primarily involved in the comprehension of language.
Relate the options to the function of Wernicke's area: Analyze each option to see which one directly relates to language comprehension.
Eliminate unrelated options: Options a, b, and c (coordinating limb movement, generating speech, recognizing faces) do not directly involve language comprehension.
Connect the correct option to Wernicke's area: Option d (understanding language) directly relates to the known function of Wernicke's area.
Conclude with the correct answer: Since Wernicke's area is responsible for language comprehension, damage to this area would primarily affect understanding language, making option d the correct answer.
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Key Concepts
Here are the essential concepts you must grasp in order to answer the question correctly.
Wernicke's Area
Wernicke's area is a region in the brain located in the left temporal lobe, primarily associated with language comprehension. Damage to this area can lead to Wernicke's aphasia, where individuals may produce fluent but nonsensical speech and struggle to understand spoken or written language.
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Motor, Sensory, and Association Areas
Language Comprehension
Language comprehension refers to the ability to understand spoken and written language. It involves processing the meaning of words, sentences, and larger texts, which is crucial for effective communication. Impairments in this area can significantly affect social interactions and cognitive functions.
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Aphasia
Aphasia is a communication disorder that affects a person's ability to process and produce language. It can result from brain damage, such as that caused by stroke or injury, and can manifest in various forms, including difficulties in speaking, understanding, reading, or writing, depending on the affected brain regions.
Related Practice
Textbook Question
Which of the following structures or regions is incorrectly paired with its function?
a. limbic system—motor control of speech
b. medulla oblongata—homeostatic control
c. cerebellum—coordination of movement and balance
d. amygdala—emotional memory
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Textbook Question
The cerebral cortex does not play a major role in
a. short-term memory.
b. long-term memory.
c. circadian rhythm.
d. breath holding.
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Textbook Question
After suffering a stroke, a patient can see objects anywhere in front of him but pays attention only to objects in his right field of vision. When asked to describe these objects, he has difficulty judging their size and distance. What part of the brain was likely damaged by the stroke? a. the left frontal lobe b. the right frontal lobe c. the right parietal lobe d. the corpus callosum
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Textbook Question
Injury localized to the hypothalamus would most likely disrupt a. regulation of body temperature. b. short-term memory. c. executive functions, such as decision making. d. sorting of sensory information.
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