In DNA technology, the term vector can refer to
a. The enzyme that cuts DNA into restriction fragments.
b. The sticky end of a DNA fragment.
c. A SNP marker.
d. A plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living cell.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'vector' in the context of DNA technology. A vector is a vehicle used to transfer genetic material into a host cell.
2. Consider the options provided: a. enzyme that cuts DNA, b. sticky end of a DNA fragment, c. SNP marker, d. plasmid used to transfer DNA.
3. Recall that enzymes like restriction endonucleases cut DNA at specific sites, but they are not vectors themselves.
4. Recognize that sticky ends are the result of DNA being cut by restriction enzymes, facilitating the ligation of DNA fragments, but they are not vectors.
5. Identify that a plasmid is a circular DNA molecule used as a vector to transfer DNA into a living cell, making option d the correct choice.

Key Concepts

DNA Vectors

In DNA technology, a vector is a vehicle used to transfer genetic material into a host cell. Plasmids, which are small, circular DNA molecules found in bacteria, are commonly used as vectors. They can replicate independently and are engineered to carry foreign DNA, making them essential tools in genetic engineering and cloning.

Restriction Enzymes

Restriction enzymes are proteins that cut DNA at specific sequences, creating fragments with 'sticky' or 'blunt' ends. These enzymes are crucial in molecular biology for gene cloning and DNA manipulation, as they allow scientists to cut and paste DNA fragments into vectors, facilitating the study and modification of genes.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs)

SNPs are variations at a single nucleotide position in the DNA sequence among individuals. They serve as genetic markers in studies of genetic diversity, disease association, and evolutionary biology. While SNPs are important in mapping genomes, they are not typically used as vectors in DNA technology.