Introduction to Meiosis quiz Flashcards

The two rounds of cell division in meiosis are called meiosis I and meiosis II.

Meiosis I is referred to as reductional division because it reduces the ploidy of the cells, turning a diploid cell into two haploid cells.

The main difference is that meiosis I separates homologous chromosomes, while meiosis II separates sister chromatids.

Interphase is significant because it includes the replication of DNA, which is necessary before meiosis can start.

Meiosis 1 includes prophase 1, metaphase 1, anaphase 1, and telophase 1, similar to the phases in mitosis.

During metaphase I of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes align in the middle of the cell in two rows.

During anaphase I of meiosis I, homologous chromosomes are separated, while sister chromatids remain connected.

Cytokinesis after meiosis I produces two haploid daughter cells.

At the end of meiosis II, the cells are haploid.

Gametes are sex cells (sperm in males and eggs in females) produced through meiosis.

The S phase in interphase is when DNA is synthesized or replicated.

Meiosis contributes to genetic diversity by producing four genetically diverse haploid gametes.

Diploid cells have two sets of chromosomes (2n), while haploid cells have one set of chromosomes (n).

Meiosis is significant in sexual reproduction because it produces haploid gametes that combine during fertilization to form a diploid zygote.

Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one from each parent, while sister chromatids are identical copies of a single chromosome connected by a centromere.