Animal Reproduction quiz Flashcards

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of gametes from two parents, resulting in genetic diversity, while asexual reproduction involves a single parent and produces genetically identical offspring.

Gametes are reproductive cells (sperm and eggs) formed through meiosis, resulting in haploid cells with one copy of each chromosome.

The Red Queen hypothesis suggests that sexual reproduction provides genetic diversity, which is crucial for organisms to adapt and evolve in response to environmental pressures and competition.

Budding is when a new organism grows off the parent and detaches once mature, as seen in yeast and hydra.

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction where an organism divides into two genetically identical parts, commonly used by bacteria.

Parthenogenesis is a type of asexual reproduction where an organism develops from an unfertilized egg, as seen in some species of lizards.

The scrotum is a skin pouch that holds the testes and maintains the optimal temperature (95°F) for sperm production.

Sperm are produced in the seminiferous tubules of the testes and mature in the epididymis.

The vas deferens transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra for ejaculation.

The prostate gland produces about 30% of the fluid in semen, which helps in the movement and nourishment of sperm.

The acrosome is a cap-like structure on the head of the sperm that contains enzymes to help penetrate the egg during fertilization.

A sperm cell consists of the acrosome, nucleus, mitochondria, and flagella.

Mitochondria provide the energy needed for the movement of the sperm's flagella.

The fallopian tubes transport eggs from the ovaries to the uterus and are the typical site of fertilization.

The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus where a fertilized egg implants and develops into a fetus.

Animal reproduction primarily involves sexual reproduction, where male gametes (sperm) and female gametes (eggs) fuse during fertilization to form a diploid zygote. Asexual reproduction methods include budding, fission, and parthenogenesis. Sexual reproduction is favored for its genetic diversity, which is crucial for adaptation and evolution, as explained by the Red Queen hypothesis.