Animal Development exam Flashcards

The fusion of sperm and egg to form a zygote.

A reaction where enzymes from the sperm's acrosome break down the egg's protective coat.

Rapid mitotic divisions of the zygote resulting in smaller cells.

An early stage embryo consisting of a solid ball of cells.

A hollow ball of cells in mammals that implants in the uterus.

Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.

The process that forms the three germ layers in the embryo.

Nerves, skin, brain, eyes, and inner ear.

The germ layer that gives rise to organs, blood, bone, and muscles.

Epithelial linings of the digestive tract, liver, pancreas, and lungs.

The process of organ and tissue development from the germ layers.

The formation of nervous tissue from primary germ layers.

A primitive backbone that induces the formation of the neural tube.

A hollow structure that forms the brain and spinal cord.

The irreversible commitment of a cell to a specific developmental path.

Regulatory molecules that influence cell differentiation based on their distribution.

The process where differentiated cells influence the fate of nearby cells.

A reaction that prevents polyspermy by depolarizing the egg membrane.

Cells created during cleavage.

The fluid-filled cavity inside the blastocyst.

Cells that surround the blastocoel and give rise to the chorion and placenta.

Cells inside the blastocyst that give rise to the organism.

The process of the blastocyst embedding into the uterus.

Human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).

Pairs of mesodermal tissue that determine the development of specific structures.

It folds to form the neural tube, which becomes the brain and spinal cord.

The process by which cells become specialized in structure and function.

They give rise to the central nervous system.

A reaction that releases calcium to prevent additional sperm from entering the egg.