8. Respiration

Substrate-level phosphorylation is utilized to create ATP in which steps of aerobic cellular respiration?

a) Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis.

b) Glycolysis and Pyruvate Oxidation.

c) Pyruvate Oxidation and Krebs cycle.

d) Glycolysis and Krebs cycle.

Which type of phosphorylation synthesizes ATP using an enzyme that transfers a phosphate group to ADP?

a) Adaptive Phosphorylation. 

b) Oxidative Phosphorylation. 

c) Substrate-level Phosphorylation.

d) Product-level Phosphorylation.

The largest amount of ATP made by cellular respiration is created by the process of ______________, in the _____________ steps of aerobic cellular respiration.

a) Substrate-level phosphorylation; first.

b) Oxidative phosphorylation; first.

c) Oxidative phosphorylation; final.

d) Substrate-level phosphorylation; final.

How many molecules of ATP are gained by substrate-level phosphorylation from the complete breakdown of a single molecule of glucose in the presence of oxygen?

The immediate energy source that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase during oxidative phosphorylation is the a. oxidation of glucose and other organic compounds. b. flow of electrons down the electron transport chain. c. H+ concentration gradient across the membrane holding ATP synthase. d. transfer of phosphate to ADP.

The final electron acceptor of the electron transport chain that functions in aerobic oxidative phosphorylation is a. oxygen. b. water. c. NAD+. d. pyruvate.

Compare and contrast substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.