1. Introduction to Biology

Scientific Method

1. Introduction to Biology

Scientific Method

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Predictions, Hypotheses, & Theories

Scientific Method Example 1

Basic Theories of Biology

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6 Steps to Formulate a STRONG Hypothesis | Scribbr 🎓

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6 Steps to Formulate a STRONG Hypothesis | Scribbr 🎓

Introduction to Inductive and Deductive Reasoning | Don't Memorise

Neil DeGrasse Tyson on why the scientific method is so important

Neil Degrasse Tyson - Analogy for the scientific method.

Scientific Method Basic Summary-Leaving Cert Biology (updated)

The Scientific Method

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Practice this topic

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the best order of steps of the scientific method?

A scientist observes that even after sterilizing a broth, cells reappear in the broth over time. The scientist then asks: 'Why do cells reappear in the broth after sterilization?' and designs/conducts an experiment. Considering this, appropriately label each of the following blanks as either a 'prediction, hypothesis or theory.'

________________: Cells will only appear in the broth exposed to a source of preexisting cells.

________________: Cells appear only when preexisting cells grow & divide; therefore, cells only appear in exposed broths.

________________: All organisms consist of cells & all cells come from preexisting cells.

Which of the following statements about the cell theory is false?

Experimentation is only one part of the process of scientific inquiry, but it is a very important step because it __________.

Which of the following statements most clearly demonstrates inductive reasoning?

Which of the following is outside the realm of scientific inquiry?

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Multiple Choice

At which point in a study is a scientific investigator most likely to use deductive reasoning?

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Multiple Choice

Repetition of an experiment _________.

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Multiple Choice

A scientific theory is __________.

Which of the following is an example of inductive reasoning? a. All cows eat grass; b. My cow eats grass and my neighbor's cow eats grass; therefore, all cows probably eat grass; c. If all cows eat grass, when I examine a random sample of all the cows in Minnesota, I will find that all of them eat grass; d. Cows may or may not eat grass, depending on the type of farm where they live

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Textbook Question

A scientific hypothesis is . a. an opinion; b. a proposed explanation for an observation; c. a fact; d. easily proved true; e. an idea proposed by a scientist

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Textbook Question

In science, a theory is a(n) . a. educated guess; b. inference based on a lack of scientific evidence; c. idea with little experimental support; d. body of scientifically acceptable general principles; e. statement of fact

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Textbook Question

How is a scientific theory different from a scientific hypothesis? a. It is based on weaker evidence; b. It has not been proved true; c. It is not falsifiable; d. It can explain a large number of observations; e. It must be proposed by a professional scientist

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Textbook Question

Which of the following statements best distinguishes hypotheses from theories in science? a. Theories are hypotheses that have been proven. b. Hypotheses usually are narrow in scope; theories have broad explanatory power. c. Hypotheses are tentative guesses; theories are correct answers to questions about nature. d. Hypotheses and theories are different terms for essentially the same thing in science.

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Textbook Question

One hypothesis states that eating chicken noodle soup is an effective treatment for colds. Which of the following results does this hypothesis predict? a. People who eat chicken noodle soup have shorter colds than do people who do not eat chicken noodle soup; b. People who do not eat chicken noodle soup experience unusually long and severe colds; c. Cold viruses cannot live in chicken noodle soup; d. People who eat chicken noodle soup feel healthier than do people who do not eat chicken noodle soup; e. Consuming chicken noodle soup causes people to sneeze

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Textbook Question

If I perform a hypothesis test in which I demonstrate that the prediction I made in question 5 is true, I have . a. proved the hypothesis; b. supported the hypothesis; c. not falsified the hypothesis; d. B and C are correct; e. A, B, and C are correct

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Textbook Question

Which of the following is a true statement of observational data? a. It is always qualitative, not quantitative. b. It is used to form hypotheses, but not to test them. c. It can include comparisons of fossils as well as DNA sequences. d. It is the type of data used for the independent variable in a controlled experiment.

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Textbook Question

A friend tells you that the theory of evolution is just an educated guess by biologists about how things work. Evaluate this statement.

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Textbook Question

Which of the following best describes the logic of scientific inquiry? a. If I generate a testable hypothesis, my experiments will support it. b. If my prediction is correct, it will lead to a testable hypothesis. c. If my observations are accurate, they will support my hypothesis. d. If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results.

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Textbook Question

A primary source of scientific results is . a. the news media; b. anecdotes from others; c. articles in peer-reviewed journals; d. the Internet; e. all of the above

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Textbook Question

A story on your local news station reports that eating a 1-ounce square of milk chocolate each day reduces the risk of heart disease in rats and that this result is statistically significant. This means that . a. people who eat milk chocolate are healthier than those who do not; b. the difference between chocolate-eating and chocolate-abstaining rats in heart disease rates was greater than expected by chance; c. rats like milk chocolate; d. milk chocolate reduces the risk of heart disease; e. two ounces of milk chocolate per day is likely to be even better for heart health than 1 ounce

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Textbook Question

What features of the story on milk chocolate and heart health described in question 11 should cause you to consider the results less convincing? a. The study was sponsored by a large milk chocolate manufacturer; b. A total of 10 rats were used in the study; c. The only difference between the rats was that human participants of the experimental group received chocolate along with their regular diets, and the human participants of the control group received no additional food; d. The reporter notes that other studies indicate milk chocolate does not have a beneficial effect on heart health; e. all of the above

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Textbook Question

Describe the process of scientific inquiry and explain why it is not a rigid method.

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Textbook Question

The graph below shows the results of an experiment in which mice learned to run through a maze. (a) State the hypothesis and prediction that you think this experiment tested.

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Textbook Question

The graph below shows the results of an experiment in which mice learned to run through a maze. (d) Do the data support the hypothesis? Explain.

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