The red lionfish, Pterois volitans, has beautiful red stripes, streaming fins, and a fearless disposition, and it is deadly. Native to the Pacific Ocean, the red lionfish was first discovered on coral reefs in the Bahamas in 1985. The species has spread to over 3 million square kilometers of the western Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. Lionfish have a voracious appetite for native fish, are armed with venomous spines, and have no natural predators in their new range. Why are species like the lionfish considered 'invasive'? a. They are found in areas where they are not native. b. They were accidentally introduced by humans. c. They spread aggressively and displace native species. d. They are predators of other fish.

Verified step by step guidance

1. Species like the lionfish are considered 'invasive' because they meet several criteria that disrupt local ecosystems: a. They are found in areas where they are not native, b. They were accidentally introduced by humans, c. They spread aggressively and displace native species, and d. They are predators of other fish.

Key Concepts

Invasive Species

Invasive species are organisms that are introduced to a new environment where they do not naturally occur. These species can disrupt local ecosystems, often outcompeting native species for resources, leading to declines in biodiversity. Their introduction can be intentional or accidental, and they typically thrive due to a lack of natural predators in their new habitat.

Ecological Impact

The ecological impact of invasive species includes alterations to food webs, habitat destruction, and competition with native species. Invasive species can dominate resources such as food and space, which can lead to the decline or extinction of native species. This disruption can have cascading effects on the ecosystem, affecting everything from plant life to higher trophic levels.

Human Activity and Species Introduction

Human activity plays a significant role in the introduction of invasive species, often through global trade, travel, and the aquarium trade. Species like the lionfish were introduced to non-native environments, sometimes unintentionally, leading to their establishment and spread. Understanding the pathways of introduction is crucial for managing and preventing future invasions.