Which description below best describes “The Modern Synthesis”?

• A. The combination of modern genetic techniques, such as DNA sequencing, with Darwinian theory.
• B. The combination of Mendel’s and Darwin’s ideas into one theoretical framework.
• C. The combination of micro and macro evolutionary ideas into one unified theory.
• D. The combination of computer modeling and DNA sequencing to investigate evolutionary relationships.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the historical context of 'The Modern Synthesis'. It refers to the integration of Darwin's theory of natural selection with Mendelian genetics.
2. Recognize that Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection lacked a mechanism for inheritance, which was later provided by Mendel's work on genetics.
3. The Modern Synthesis emerged in the early 20th century, combining these ideas to explain how evolutionary processes occur at both the genetic and phenotypic levels.
4. This synthesis unified microevolution (changes within species) and macroevolution (the emergence of new species) under a single theoretical framework.
5. Therefore, the best description of 'The Modern Synthesis' is the combination of Mendel’s and Darwin’s ideas into one theoretical framework, emphasizing the role of genetic variation and natural selection in evolution.