Scientists around the world are collaborating to understand how deforestation, climate change, and natural processes will interact to affect one of the most productive and biodiverse ecosystems on Earth. Select True or False for each statement about the effects of clear-cutting on the Amazon rain forest, then explain your reasoning. T/F Nutrient export is likely to decline. T/F Atmospheric CO2 is likely to decline. T/F Soil moisture is likely to decline. T/F Species diversity is likely to decline.

Verified step by step guidance

1. T/F Nutrient export is likely to decline: False. Clear-cutting leads to increased runoff and erosion, which results in higher nutrient export from the soil into nearby water bodies.
2. T/F Atmospheric CO2 is likely to decline: False. Clear-cutting reduces the number of trees that can absorb CO2, leading to increased levels of atmospheric CO2.
3. T/F Soil moisture is likely to decline: True. With fewer trees to retain water, soil moisture levels are likely to decrease due to increased evaporation and reduced transpiration.
4. T/F Species diversity is likely to decline: True. The removal of trees and alteration of the habitat can lead to a decline in species diversity as species lose their homes and resources.

Key Concepts

Nutrient Export

Nutrient export refers to the loss of essential nutrients from an ecosystem, often due to processes like erosion or leaching. In the context of deforestation, clear-cutting can lead to a decline in nutrient levels in the soil, as trees that would normally recycle nutrients are removed. This can result in reduced soil fertility and negatively impact plant growth and ecosystem health.

Atmospheric CO2 Levels

Atmospheric CO2 levels are influenced by various factors, including photosynthesis and respiration. Trees absorb CO2 during photosynthesis, acting as carbon sinks. When forests are clear-cut, this carbon storage capacity is diminished, leading to increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere, which contributes to climate change rather than a decline in CO2.

Soil Moisture and Species Diversity

Soil moisture is critical for plant health and ecosystem stability, as it affects water availability for plants. Deforestation typically leads to reduced soil moisture due to the loss of canopy cover and increased evaporation. Additionally, species diversity often declines as habitats are destroyed, leading to the loss of specialized species that depend on specific environmental conditions provided by the forest ecosystem.