In this video, we're going to begin our introduction to the Calvin Cycle. And so we know already that the Calvin Cycle is the second stage of photosynthesis following the light reactions. And so the Calvin Cycle as the second stage of photosynthesis is actually going to use the NADPH and the ATP that was generated from the light reactions, the first stage of photosynthesis. And so ultimately the NADPH and the ATP made from the light reactions is going to be used to power the Calvin Cycle. And ultimately, this energy from the light reaction is going to be utilized by the Calvin Cycle to make organic molecules, for example, glucose, a sugar that is widely prevalent and abundant. Now the Calvin Cycle specifically occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast. And so this is contrary to the light reactions which occurs in the thylakoids of the chloroplast. And so the light reactions occur in the thylakoids of the chloroplast, but the Calvin Cycle does not occur in the thylakoids. It occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast. And again, stroma is not to be confused with stomata. Stomata are the openings that can open and close within leaves themselves, but stroma is referring to the fluid-filled space within the chloroplast. And so it's going to occur in the stroma and it's also going to consume carbon dioxide gas or CO2 gas from the atmosphere and ultimately the CO2 gas from the atmosphere is going to be utilized to build glucose. And so let's take a look at our image down below, which notice, the light reactions region over here is all grayed out and it's much smaller and deemphasized because we already covered the light reactions over here in our previous lesson videos. And so we already know from our previous lesson videos that the light reactions occur in the thylakoids, specifically these green pancake structures that are within the chloroplast and of course this, grayed out structure in the background represents the chloroplast itself. And so we know from our previous lesson videos that the light reactions use photons of light from our sun and water molecules and ultimately, it converts these reactants into the products of oxygen gas and ATP and NADPH. And ultimately, the ATP and NADPH coming from the light reactions are going to be utilized to power the Calvin Cycle, which is really the main focus of this video. And the Calvin Cycle occurs again in the stroma of the chloroplasts, which is this fluid-filled space that we see here within the chloroplast itself. And the Calvin Cycle is going to be powered by the ATP and NADPH provided by the light reactions, and it's also going to take in carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere and ultimately use the ATP and NADPH and carbon dioxide gas to generate organic molecules such as glucose, which we can see down here. And so we're going to talk more about the Calvin Cycle as we move forward in our course. So, this here is just the introduction and I'll see you all in our next video when we'll talk more about the Calvin Cycle.
Table of contents
- 1. Introduction to Biology2h 40m
- 2. Chemistry3h 40m
- 3. Water1h 26m
- 4. Biomolecules2h 23m
- 5. Cell Components2h 26m
- 6. The Membrane2h 31m
- 7. Energy and Metabolism2h 0m
- 8. Respiration2h 40m
- 9. Photosynthesis2h 49m
- 10. Cell Signaling59m
- 11. Cell Division2h 47m
- 12. Meiosis2h 0m
- 13. Mendelian Genetics4h 41m
- Introduction to Mendel's Experiments7m
- Genotype vs. Phenotype17m
- Punnett Squares13m
- Mendel's Experiments26m
- Mendel's Laws18m
- Monohybrid Crosses16m
- Test Crosses14m
- Dihybrid Crosses20m
- Punnett Square Probability26m
- Incomplete Dominance vs. Codominance20m
- Epistasis7m
- Non-Mendelian Genetics12m
- Pedigrees6m
- Autosomal Inheritance21m
- Sex-Linked Inheritance43m
- X-Inactivation9m
- 14. DNA Synthesis2h 27m
- 15. Gene Expression3h 20m
- 16. Regulation of Expression3h 31m
- Introduction to Regulation of Gene Expression13m
- Prokaryotic Gene Regulation via Operons27m
- The Lac Operon21m
- Glucose's Impact on Lac Operon25m
- The Trp Operon20m
- Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon11m
- Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation9m
- Eukaryotic Chromatin Modifications16m
- Eukaryotic Transcriptional Control22m
- Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation28m
- Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation13m
- 17. Viruses37m
- 18. Biotechnology2h 58m
- 19. Genomics17m
- 20. Development1h 5m
- 21. Evolution3h 1m
- 22. Evolution of Populations3h 52m
- 23. Speciation1h 37m
- 24. History of Life on Earth2h 6m
- 25. Phylogeny40m
- 26. Prokaryotes4h 59m
- 27. Protists1h 6m
- 28. Plants1h 22m
- 29. Fungi36m
- 30. Overview of Animals34m
- 31. Invertebrates1h 2m
- 32. Vertebrates50m
- 33. Plant Anatomy1h 3m
- 34. Vascular Plant Transport2m
- 35. Soil37m
- 36. Plant Reproduction47m
- 37. Plant Sensation and Response1h 9m
- 38. Animal Form and Function1h 19m
- 39. Digestive System10m
- 40. Circulatory System1h 57m
- 41. Immune System1h 12m
- 42. Osmoregulation and Excretion50m
- 43. Endocrine System4m
- 44. Animal Reproduction2m
- 45. Nervous System55m
- 46. Sensory Systems46m
- 47. Muscle Systems23m
- 48. Ecology3h 11m
- Introduction to Ecology20m
- Biogeography14m
- Earth's Climate Patterns50m
- Introduction to Terrestrial Biomes10m
- Terrestrial Biomes: Near Equator13m
- Terrestrial Biomes: Temperate Regions10m
- Terrestrial Biomes: Northern Regions15m
- Introduction to Aquatic Biomes27m
- Freshwater Aquatic Biomes14m
- Marine Aquatic Biomes13m
- 49. Animal Behavior28m
- 50. Population Ecology3h 41m
- Introduction to Population Ecology28m
- Population Sampling Methods23m
- Life History12m
- Population Demography17m
- Factors Limiting Population Growth14m
- Introduction to Population Growth Models22m
- Linear Population Growth6m
- Exponential Population Growth29m
- Logistic Population Growth32m
- r/K Selection10m
- The Human Population22m
- 51. Community Ecology2h 46m
- Introduction to Community Ecology2m
- Introduction to Community Interactions9m
- Community Interactions: Competition (-/-)38m
- Community Interactions: Exploitation (+/-)23m
- Community Interactions: Mutualism (+/+) & Commensalism (+/0)9m
- Community Structure35m
- Community Dynamics26m
- Geographic Impact on Communities21m
- 52. Ecosystems2h 36m
- 53. Conservation Biology24m
9. Photosynthesis
Calvin Cycle
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