Both mitochondria and chloroplasts __________.

• A. obtain electrons from water
• B. reduce NAD⁺, forming NADP
• C. release oxygen as a by-product
• D. are surrounded by a single membrane
• E. use chemiosmosis to produce ATP

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of mitochondria and chloroplasts in cells: Mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration, while chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis.
2. Recognize the process of chemiosmosis: Both organelles use chemiosmosis to generate ATP, which involves the movement of protons across a membrane.
3. Identify the structure of mitochondria and chloroplasts: Both are surrounded by a double membrane, not a single membrane.
4. Clarify the electron source: Mitochondria obtain electrons from organic molecules, while chloroplasts obtain electrons from water during photosynthesis.
5. Note the by-products: Mitochondria release carbon dioxide, while chloroplasts release oxygen as a by-product of photosynthesis.