Telomerase __________.

• A. prevents the loss of centromeric DNA
• B. speeds cell aging
• C. slows the rate of cancer cell growth
• D. splits telomeres
• E. is an enzyme that lengthens telomeres

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of telomerase: Telomerase is an enzyme that adds repetitive nucleotide sequences to the ends of chromosomes, known as telomeres, which protect the chromosome from deterioration.
2. Recognize the function of telomeres: Telomeres are repetitive DNA sequences at the end of a chromosome, which protect it from damage during cell division. Without telomerase, these sequences would shorten with each cell division.
3. Identify the impact of telomerase on cell aging: By lengthening telomeres, telomerase can delay the aging process of cells, as it prevents the loss of important DNA sequences during replication.
4. Consider the relationship between telomerase and cancer: Cancer cells often activate telomerase to maintain their telomeres, allowing them to divide indefinitely. This means telomerase can contribute to the unchecked growth of cancer cells.
5. Conclude the correct function of telomerase: Based on the above points, telomerase is primarily known for its role in lengthening telomeres, which is crucial for maintaining chromosome integrity during cell division.