Transfer RNA (tRNA)                   . a. carries monosaccharides to the ribosome for synthesis; b. is made of messenger RNA; c. has an anticodon region that is complementary to the mRNA codon; d. is the site of protein synthesis

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the function of transfer RNA (tRNA) in the process of protein synthesis.
2. Understand that tRNA is not made of messenger RNA (mRNA), but is a separate type of RNA.
3. Recognize that tRNA has a specific region called the anticodon, which is crucial for its function in protein synthesis.
4. Analyze the options given to determine which one correctly describes the role of tRNA in relation to mRNA and the ribosome.
5. Conclude which statement accurately reflects the biological role and characteristics of tRNA.

Key Concepts

Transfer RNA (tRNA)

Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a type of RNA molecule that plays a crucial role in the process of translation, where proteins are synthesized. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome, the cellular machinery that assembles proteins, and matches its anticodon with the corresponding codon on the messenger RNA (mRNA).

Anticodon and Codon

The anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on the tRNA that is complementary to a specific codon on the mRNA. This complementary pairing ensures that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain during protein synthesis. The specificity of this interaction is essential for the accuracy of translation.

Ribosome Function

The ribosome is a complex molecular machine found within all living cells that facilitates the translation of mRNA into proteins. It consists of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins, and it serves as the site where tRNA molecules bring amino acids in sequence, allowing for the formation of polypeptides based on the mRNA template.