Which hormone is incorrectly paired with its action? a. oxytocin—stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth b. thyroxine—inhibits metabolic processes c. ACTH—stimulates the release of glucocorticoids by the adrenal cortex d. melatonin—affects biological rhythms and seasonal reproduction

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the function of each hormone listed and compare it to the action it is paired with in the options.
2. Oxytocin is known for its role in stimulating uterine contractions during childbirth, so verify if this matches the description given in option a.
3. Thyroxine is primarily involved in regulating metabolism, specifically it increases metabolic rates. Check if this aligns with the action described in option b.
4. ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone) stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids, which are involved in stress responses and metabolism. Confirm if this is consistent with the action stated in option c.
5. Melatonin is produced by the pineal gland and is known to regulate sleep-wake cycles and seasonal biological rhythms. Assess if this corresponds with the action mentioned in option d.

Key Concepts

Hormonal Functions

Hormones are chemical messengers produced by glands in the endocrine system that regulate various physiological processes. Each hormone has specific functions, such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Understanding the roles of different hormones is crucial for identifying any incorrect pairings with their actions.

Thyroxine and Metabolism

Thyroxine, produced by the thyroid gland, primarily regulates metabolism by increasing the metabolic rate of cells. It promotes the utilization of carbohydrates and fats for energy, rather than inhibiting metabolic processes. Recognizing this function is essential for evaluating the accuracy of hormone-action pairings.

Feedback Mechanisms in Endocrinology

Feedback mechanisms are processes that regulate hormone levels in the body, ensuring homeostasis. For example, the release of ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce glucocorticoids, which in turn can inhibit further ACTH release. Understanding these mechanisms helps clarify how hormones interact and their effects on bodily functions.