Pharmaceutical researchers are often interested in blocking particular receptor proteins on cell surfaces. What chemical property of a molecule would be most important for this type of application?

• A. The atomic numbers of the atoms involved
• B. The number of valence electrons
• C. The type of bonding in the molecule
• D. The molecule's shape

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that receptor proteins on cell surfaces have specific shapes that allow them to bind to particular molecules, similar to a lock and key mechanism.
2. Recognize that for a molecule to effectively block a receptor, it must fit precisely into the receptor's binding site, which is determined by the molecule's shape.
3. Consider that while atomic numbers, valence electrons, and bonding types are important for other chemical properties, the shape of the molecule is crucial for receptor binding.
4. Acknowledge that the three-dimensional structure of a molecule, including its size and geometry, determines its ability to interact with the receptor site.
5. Conclude that the molecule's shape is the most important chemical property for blocking receptor proteins, as it dictates the molecule's ability to fit and bind to the receptor.