Explain how emphysema and congestive heart failure can lead to acid-base imbalance.

Video transcript

Hi, everybody. Let's look at our next question. Which type of acid base imbalance can be caused by pneumonia. A metabolic acidosis. B, respiratory acidosis, c, metabolic alkalosis or D respiratory al callos. Well, let's think about the effects of pneumonia. Think about how, what effect that would have on the acid base imbalance. Pneumonia will cause impaired gas exchange due to its effect on breathing. And with that gas cannot be exchanged effectively, that's going to cause an increase in CO2. So that blood will have increased CO2 concentration. What effect does that have on acid base imbalance will increase in CO2 will lead to an increase in acidity of the blood. So, we know that we're looking at and acidosis so we can eliminate choice of C and D metabolic and respiratory alkalosis because we're looking at an acidosis here. So, is this metabolic or respiratory? Well, it's affecting respiration. So our answer will be choice b, respiratory acidosis choice. A metabolic acidosis will produce too low A Ph, but that's due to the body producing too much acid or losing too much bicarbonate or the H CO three minus which balances out as the buffer that keeps ph even in the body. So either producing too much acid or losing too much of that buffer can cause high or excuse me, low blood ph, high blood acidity leading to metabolic acidosis. But in this case, the acidosis is due to carbon dioxide building up in the blood due to that impaired gas exchange. So you would expect pneumonia to cause choice b respiratory acidosis. See you in the next video.