The intrinsic conduction system ensures a coordinated and efficient heartbeat. If the sinoatrial (SA) node malfunctions, which part of the heart’s conduction system is most likely to take over as the pacemaker?

Which answer choice below correctly matches the cardiac conduction structure to where it’s found in the heart?

The AV node has fewer gap junctions than the SA node, leading to slower conduction. How does this slower conduction help the heart function?

What is the primary function of the pacemaker cells in the SA node in the heart?

Which center in the medulla oblongata controls the sympathetic neurons that stimulate the heart?

Which statement best describes a difference between how the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system affects the heart?