What is the effect of increased hydrostatic pressure of blood on glomerular filtration rate (GFR)?

• A. It causes the glomerular filtration rate to fluctuate randomly.
• B. It decreases the glomerular filtration rate.
• C. It has no effect on the glomerular filtration rate.
• D. It increases the glomerular filtration rate.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of hydrostatic pressure: Hydrostatic pressure is the force exerted by a fluid due to gravity. In the context of the kidneys, it refers to the pressure exerted by the blood within the glomerular capillaries.
2. Learn about glomerular filtration rate (GFR): GFR is the rate at which the kidneys filter blood, removing waste and excess substances to form urine. It is a crucial indicator of kidney function.
3. Explore the relationship between hydrostatic pressure and GFR: The glomerular filtration rate is influenced by the pressure within the glomerular capillaries. Increased hydrostatic pressure typically leads to an increase in GFR.
4. Consider the physiological mechanism: When hydrostatic pressure in the glomerular capillaries increases, it enhances the force driving the filtration of blood through the glomerular membrane, thereby increasing GFR.
5. Review the options given in the problem: The correct answer is that increased hydrostatic pressure increases the glomerular filtration rate, as it enhances the filtration process by exerting more force on the glomerular membrane.