Textbook Question
The most beneficial effect of fever is that it
(a) Inhibits the spread of some bacteria and viruses
(b) Increases the metabolic rate by up to 10 percent
(c) Stimulates the release of pyrogens
(d) Achieves a and b
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21. The Immune System
First-Line Defenses: Chemical Barriers
Multiple Choice
The first step in inflammation is __________.
A
swelling
B
phagocyte mobilization
C
the release of inflammatory chemicals
D
vasodilation
Verified step by step guidance1
Understand that inflammation is a complex biological response to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants.
Recognize that the first step in the inflammatory response is the release of inflammatory chemicals. These chemicals include histamines, cytokines, and prostaglandins.
These inflammatory chemicals are released by injured tissues and immune cells, and they serve to alert the body to the presence of injury or infection.
The release of these chemicals leads to vasodilation, which is the widening of blood vessels. This increases blood flow to the affected area, causing redness and heat.
The increased blood flow and permeability of blood vessels allow immune cells, nutrients, and other substances to reach the site of injury or infection, facilitating the healing process.
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