Making Content Comprehensible for Elementary English Learners: The SIOP Model, 3rd edition

Brief Table of Contents

1. Introducing the SIOP® Model
2. Lesson Preparation   
3. Building Background   
4. Comprehensible Input  
5. Strategies  
6. Interaction   
7. Practice & Application   
8. Lesson Delivery   
9. Review & Assessment   
10. Issues of Reading, RTI, and Special Education for English Learners      
11. Effective Use of the SIOP® Protocol      
12. Frequently Asked Questions: Getting Started with the SIOP^® Model

Appendix A: SIOP (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol)   
Appendix B: Lesson Plans   
Appendix C: Research on the SIOP (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol) Model   
Appendix D: SIOP Professional Development Resources   
Glossary
References
Index

Detailed Table of Contents

1. Introducing the SIOP® Model   

Background on English Learners
Demographic Trends
Diverse Characteristics   
School Reform, Standards, and Accountability
Achievement Gaps   
Academic Language and Literacy
Research on Academic Language and Literacy
Role in Schooling
Effective Instructional Practice for English Learners: The SIOP® Model
Content-based ESL and Sheltered Content Instruction
Research and Development of the Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol (SIOP®) Model
Effective SIOP® Model Instruction
Implementing the SIOP® Model   
Summary  
Discussion Questions

2. Lesson Preparation   

Background   
SIOP® Feature 1: Content Objectives Clearly Defined, Displayed, and Reviewed with Students
SIOP® Feature 2: Language Objectives Clearly Defined, Displayed, and Reviewed with Students
Selecting and Writing Content and Language Objectives
SIOP® Feature 3: Content Concepts Appropriate for Age and Educational Background Level of Students
SIOP® Feature 4: Supplementary Materials Used to a High Degree, Making the Lesson Clear and Meaningful
SIOP® Feature 5: Adaptation of Content to All Levels of Student Proficiency
SIOP® Feature 6: Meaningful Activities That Integrate Lesson Concepts with Language Practice Opportunities for Reading, Writing, Listening, and/or Speaking
Teaching Ideas for Lesson Preparation
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes
Rating Lessons with the SIOP® Protocol
The Lesson
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology  
Summary  
Discussion Questions   

3. Building Background   

Background   
SIOP® Feature 7: Concepts Explicitly Linked to Students' Background Experiences
Something to Think About   
SIOP® Feature 8: Links Explicitly Made between Past Learning and New Concepts   SIOP® Feature 9: Key Vocabulary Emphasized
Academic Vocabulary
Word Consciousness
Teaching Academic Vocabulary  
Teaching Ideas for Building Background   
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson   
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions   

4. Comprehensible Input  

Background   
SIOP® Feature 10: Speech Appropriate for Students' Proficiency Levels  
SIOP® Feature 11: Clear Explanation of Academic Tasks   
SIOP® Feature 12: A Variety of Techniques Used to Make Content Concepts Clear   Teaching Ideas for Comprehensible Input   
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson  
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions

5. Strategies  

Background   
SIOP® Feature 13: Ample Opportunities Provided for Students to Use Learning
Strategies
Things to Consider When Teaching Learning Strategies
SIOP® Feature 14: Scaffolding Techniques Consistently Used, Assisting and Supporting Student Understanding
Three Types of Scaffolding
SIOP® Feature 15: A Variety of Questions or Tasks That Promote Higher-Order Thinking Skills 
Teaching Ideas for Strategies  
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson  
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions   

6. Interaction   

Background
Typical Lesson
SIOP® Lesson   
SIOP® Feature 16: Frequent Opportunities for Interaction and Discussion Between Teacher/Student and Among Students, Which Encourage Elaborated Responses About Lesson Concepts
Oral Language Development  
SIOP® Feature 17: Grouping Configurations Support Language and Content Objectives of the Lesson   
SIOP® Feature 18: Sufficient Wait Time for Student Responses Consistently Provided   SIOP® Feature 19: Ample Opportunity for Students to Clarify Key Concepts in L1 as Needed with Aide, Peer, or L1 Text   
Teaching Ideas for Interaction   
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson   
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions  

7. Practice & Application   

Background   
SIOP® Feature 20: Hands-On Materials and/or Manipulatives Provided for Students to Practice Using New Content Knowledge in the Classroom   
SIOP® Feature 21: Activities Provided for Students to Apply Content and Language Knowledge   
SIOP® Feature 22: Activities Integrate All Language Skills   
Teaching Ideas for Practice & Application   
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson   
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions 

8. Lesson Delivery   

Background   
SIOP® Feature 23: Content Objectives Clearly Supported by Lesson Delivery   
SIOP® Feature 24: Language Objectives Clearly Supported by Lesson Delivery   
SIOP® Feature 25: Students Engaged Approximately 90% to 100% of the Period   SIOP® Feature 26: Pacing of the Lesson Appropriate to Students' Ability Levels   Linking Lesson Preparation and Lesson Delivery   
Teaching Ideas for Lesson Delivery   
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson   
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions   

9. Review & Assessment   

Background
Classroom Context and the Review & Assessment Component
Formative and Summative Assessment
Informal Assessment
Formal Assessment  
SIOP® Feature 27: Comprehensive Review of Key Vocabulary   
SIOP® Feature 28: Comprehensive Review of Key Content Concepts   
SIOP® Feature 29: Regular Feedback Provided to Students on Their Output   
SIOP® Feature 30: Assessment of Student Comprehension and Learning of All Lesson Objectives Throughout the Lesson  
Teaching Ideas for Review & Assessment   
Differentiating Ideas for Multi-level Classes   
The Lesson   
Teaching Scenarios   
Discussion of Lessons   
Teaching with Technology   
Summary   
Discussion Questions    

10. Issues of Reading, RTI, and Special Education for English Learners   

Issues of Reading Development and Assessment
Estimating Students' Reading Levels
English Learners and the Common Core State Standards for Reading, Writing, Listening, and Speaking  
Assisting Struggling Learners: Response to Intervention   
Issues Related to Special Education   
Special Education Services: When Are They Appropriate?
Search for Intervention Rather than Disability   
Teaching Ideas for Students with Special Needs   
Summary   
Discussion Questions 

11. Effective Use of the SIOP® Protocol   

Best Practice in Using the SIOP® Protocol   
Scoring and Interpreting the SIOP® Protocol
Assigning Scores
Not Applicable (NA) Category
Calculating Scores  
Using Non-Numeric Rating   
Sample Lesson   
Using SIOP® Scores and Comments   
Reliability and Validity of the SIOP®   
Summary   
Discussion Questions   

 12. Frequently Asked Questions: Getting Started with the SIOP^® Model   

General SIOP® Questions   
Questions About Getting Started with SIOP® in the Classroom   
Questions About School-wide Implementation of the SIOP® Model

Appendix A: SIOP (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol)   
Appendix B: Lesson Plans   
Appendix C: Research on the SIOP (Sheltered Instruction Observation Protocol) Model   
Appendix D: SIOP Professional Development Resources   
Glossary
References
Index