Mechanical Behavior of Materials, 5th edition

Norman E. Dowling
, Stephen L. Kampe
, Milo V. Kral

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Mechanical Behavior of Materials predicts the mechanical behavior of materials. It introduces the spectrum of mechanical behavior of materials and covers the topics of deformation, fracture and fatigue. The text emphasizes practical engineering methods for testing structural materials to obtain their properties, predicting their strength and life, and avoiding structural failure when used for machines, vehicles and structures. With its logical treatment and ready-to-use format, the text is ideal for upper-level undergraduate students who have completed an elementary mechanics of materials course.

The 5th Edition features many improvements and updates throughout, including new or revised problems and questions, as well as a new chapter on Environmentally Assisted Cracking.

ISBN-13: 9780137524594

Subject: Mechanical Engineering

Category: Materials Science

Introduction
- 1.1 Introduction
- 1.2 Types of Material Failure
- 1.3 Design and Materials Selection
- 1.4 Technological Challenge
- 1.5 Economic Importance of Fracture
- 1.6 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Structure, Defects, and Deformation in Materials
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 Bonding in Solids
- 2.3 Structure in Crystalline Materials
- 2.4 Defects in Materials
- 2.5 Elastic Deformation and Theoretical Strength
- 2.6 Inelastic Deformation
- 2.7 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Mechanical Testing: Tension Test and Stress–Strain Mechanisms
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Introduction to Tension Test
- 3.3 Engineering Stress–Strain Properties
- 3.4 Materials Science Description of Tensile Behavior
- 3.5 Trends in Tensile Behavior
- 3.6 True Stress–Strain Interpretation of Tension Test
- 3.7 Materials Selection for Engineering Components
- 3.8 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Mechanical Testing: Additional Basic Tests
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Compression Test
- 4.3 Hardness Tests
- 4.4 Notch-Impact Tests
- 4.5 Bending and Torsion Tests
- 4.6 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Stress–Strain Relationships and Behavior
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Models for Deformation Behavior
- 5.3 Elastic Deformation
- 5.4 Anisotropic Materials
- 5.5 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Review of Complex and Principal States of Stress and Strain
- 6.1 Introduction
- 6.2 Plane Stress
- 6.3 Principal Stresses and the Maximum Shear Stress
- 6.4 Three-Dimensional States of Stress
- 6.5 Stresses on the Octahedral Planes
- 6.6 Complex States of Strain
- 6.7 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Yielding and Fracture under Combined Stresses
- 7.1 Introduction
- 7.2 General Form of Failure Criteria
- 7.3 Maximum Normal Stress Fracture Criterion
- 7.4 Maximum Shear Stress Yield Criterion
- 7.5 Octahedral Shear Stress Yield Criterion
- 7.6 Discussion of the Basic Failure Criteria
- 7.7 Coulomb–Mohr Fracture Criterion
- 7.8 Modified Mohr Fracture Criterion
- 7.9 Additional Comments on Failure Criteria
- 7.10 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Fracture of Cracked Members
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 Preliminary Discussion
- 8.3 Mathematical Concepts
- 8.4 Application of K to Design and Analysis
- 8.5 Additional Topics on Application of K
- 8.6 Fracture Toughness Values and Trends
- 8.7 Plastic Zone Size, and Plasticity Limitations on LEFM
- 8.8 Discussion of Fracture Toughness Testing
- 8.9 Extensions of Fracture Mechanics Beyond Linear Elasticity
- 8.10 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Fatigue of Materials: Introduction and Stress-Based Approach
- 9.1 Introduction
- 9.2 Definitions and Concepts
- 9.3 Sources of Cyclic Loading
- 9.4 Fatigue Testing
- 9.5 The Physical Nature of Fatigue Damage
- 9.6 Trends in S-N Curves
- 9.7 Mean Stresses
- 9.8 Multiaxial Stresses
- 9.9 Variable Amplitude Loading
- 9.10 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Stress-Based Approach to Fatigue: Notched Members
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Notch Effects
- 10.3 Notch Sensitivity and Empirical Estimates of kf
- 10.4 Estimating Long-Life Fatigue Strengths (Fatigue Limits)
- 10.5 Notch Effects at Intermediate and Short Lives
- 10.6 Combined Effects of Notches and Mean Stress
- 10.7 Estimating S-N Curves
- 10.8 Use of Component S-N Data
- 10.9 Designing to Avoid Fatigue Failure
- 10.10 Discussion
- 10.11 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Fatigue Crack Growth
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Preliminary Discussion
- 11.3 Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Testing
- 11.4 Effects of R = Smin/Smax on Fatigue Crack Growth
- 11.5 Trends in Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior
- 11.6 Life Estimates for Constant Amplitude Loading
- 11.7 Life Estimates for Variable Amplitude Loading
- 11.8 Design Considerations
- 11.9 Plasticity Aspects and Limitations of LEFM for Fatigue Crack Growth
- 11.10 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Environmentally Assisted Cracking
- 12.1 Introduction
- 12.2 Definitions, Concepts, and Analysis
- 12.3 EAC in Metals: Basic Mechanisms
- 12.4 Hydrogen-Induced Embrittlement
- 12.5 Liquid Metal Embrittlement
- 12.6 EAC of Polymers
- 12.7 EAC of Glasses and Ceramics
- 12.8 Additional Comments and Preventative Measures
- References
- Problems and Questions
Plastic Deformation Behavior and Models for Materials
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Stress–Strain Curves
- 13.3 Three-Dimensional Stress–Strain Relationships
- 13.4 Unloading and Cyclic Loading Behavior from Rheological Models
- 13.5 Cyclic Stress–Strain Behavior of Real Materials
- 13.6 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Stress–Strain Analysis of Plastically Deforming Members
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Plasticity in Bending
- 14.3 Residual Stresses and Strains for Bending
- 14.4 Plasticity of Circular Shafts in Torsion
- 14.5 Notched Members
- 14.6 Cyclic Loading
- 14.7 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Strain-Based Approach to Fatigue
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Strain Versus Life Curves
- 15.3 Mean Stress Effects
- 15.4 Multiaxial Stress Effects
- 15.5 Life Estimates for Structural Components
- 15.6 Additional Discussion
- 15.7 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions
Time-Dependent Behavior: Creep and Damping
- 16.1 Introduction
- 16.2 Creep Testing
- 16.3 Physical Mechanisms of Creep
- 16.4 Time–Temperature Parameters and Life Estimates
- 16.5 Creep Failure under Varying Stress
- 16.6 Stress–Strain–Time Relationships
- 16.7 Creep Deformation under Varying Stress
- 16.8 Creep Deformation under Multiaxial Stress
- 16.9 Component Stress–Strain Analysis
- 16.10 Energy Dissipation (Damping) in Materials
- 16.11 Summary
- References
- Problems and Questions

Appendix A Review of Selected Topics from Mechanics of Materials

A.1 Introduction
A.2 Basic Formulas for Stresses and Deflections
A.3 Properties of Areas
A.4 Shears, Moments, and Deflections in Beams
A.5 Stresses in Pressure Vessels, Tubes, and Discs
A.6 Elastic Stress Concentration Factors for Notches
A.7 Fully Plastic Yielding Loads
References

Appendix B Statistical Variation in Materials Properties

B.1 Introduction
B.2 Mean and Standard Deviation
B.3 Normal or Gaussian Distribution
B.4 Typical Variation in Materials Properties
B.5 One-Sided Tolerance Limits
B.6 Discussion
References

Appendix C A Survey of Engineering Materials

C.1 Introduction
C.2 Alloying and Processing of Metals
C.3 Irons and Steels
C.4 Nonferrous Metals
C.5 Polymers
C.6 Ceramics and Glasses
C.7 Composite Materials
C.8 Summary