Statistics: Informed Decisions Using Data, 5th edition
Published by Pearson (January 3, 2016) © 2017
- Michael Sullivan Joliet Junior College
Making Informed Decisions: Mike Sullivan helps students connect statistical concepts with their everyday lives, teaching them to think critically and make informed decisions.
- Putting It Together—found in chapter openers, sections, and exercises—connects concepts from different chapters to show statistics as a whole, rather than a series of disconnected procedures. These are indexed at the beginning of the book for easy reference.
- Making an Informed Decision chapter openers pose a question, and then present the statistical concept necessary for prudent decision-making. This feature engages the reader in the statistical-thinking process and highlights the practicality of statistics.
- Activities have been updated and moved from the text chapters to their own Student Activities Workbook. Accompanied by an instructor resource guide with suggestions for incorporating activities into the classroom, the new workbooks helps to actively engage students with the material.
Checking Understanding opportunities appear throughout each section and at the end of every chapter for students to test their knowledge.
- Explaining the Concepts exercises follow Vocabulary & Skill Building and Applying the Concepts exercises at the end of each section. These new exercises ask the student to go beyond applying the concepts and explain their results in written form.
- Preparing for this Section quizzes verify that students have the prerequisite knowledge for the next section, and include page numbers for quick reference.
Practice, Practice, Practice
- NEW! Over 350 new and updated Exercises include new emphasis on explaining the results of statistical analysis in students' own words. Answers in the back of the text provide recommended explanations of the statistical results. In addition, exercises have been written to require students to understand pitfalls in faulty statistical analysis.
- NEW! Retain Your Knowledge problems help students in recalling skills learned earlier in the course, so that the material is fresh for the final exam. These appear periodically at the end of section exercises.
- NEW! Big Data Problems let students analyze data sets with more than 50 observations, which cover tens of thousands of observations with thousands of variables, giving them a taste of professional data analysis.. These problems are marked with an icon and the data is available at www.pearsonhighered.com/sullivanstats.
- Step-by-Step Annotated Examples guide students from problem to solution in three easy-to-follow steps. In this edition, the solutions demonstrate using both by-hand and technology methods, where applicable.
- Problem lays out the scenario of the example.
- Approach provides insight into the thought process behind the methodology used to solve the problem.
- Solution goes through the solution utilizing the methodology suggested in the approach.
- “Now Work” problems follow most examples so that students can practice the concepts shown.
- NEW! Over 100 new and updated examples keep this text fresh and relevant for today's students.
- Case Studies conclude each chapter, promoting active learning and helping students apply their knowledge.
- Chapter Review sections include a Chapter Summary, a list of key chapter Vocabulary, and Chapter Objectives with corresponding Review Exercises.
- Chapter Tests help students prepare for exams.
- Chapter Review answers are available at the back of the book.
Integrating Technology
- Technology Step-by-Step guides show how to use StatCrunch®, Minitab®, Excel®, and the TI-83/84 graphing calculator to complete statistics processes.
- Data sets are included on the companion website in multiple formats.
- Software output screens include displays from Minitab, TI-83/84, and Excel to illustrate exercises and examples where appropriate.
- Applets can be used in the classroom or as part of a project featured in the Activity Workbook. Twenty new applets on the companion website allow students to interact with statistical concepts.
- Technology Answers are now included where they differ from by-hand answers.
- Accompanying Technology Manuals contain detailed tutorial instructions and worked-out examples and exercises for TI-83/84 and 89 calculators and Excel.
Also available with MyStatLab™
MyStatLab™ from Pearson is the world’s leading online resource for teaching and learning statistics; it integrates interactive homework, assessment, and media in a flexible, easy-to-use format. MyStatLab is a course management system that helps individual students succeed. It provides engaging experiences that personalize, stimulate, and measure learning for each student. Tools are embedded to make it easy to integrate statistical software into the course. And, it comes from an experienced partner with educational expertise and an eye on the future.
- Updated! Videos develop statistical concepts and provide examples. Every objective in the text is accompanied by both by-hand solutions and technology solutions, where applicable. Most Chapter Test problems also have video solutions available.
- NEW! Technology Help in MyStatLab provides step-by-step instructions on how to obtain results using StatCrunch, TI-84 Plus/TI-84 Plus C, and Excel. These are marked with an icon.
- NEW! The Instructor Resource Guide provides an overview of each chapter, with detailed points to emphasize within each section, plus suggestions for presenting the material. The guide also provides examples that may be used in the classroom.
- Chapter Test Videos are available for each chapter test problem in complete, worked-out video solutions either solved by hand, using the TI-84C, or StatCrunch.
- Applets can be used in the classroom or as part of a project featured in the Activity Workbook. Twenty new applets on the companion website allow students to interact with statistical concepts.
- Technology Answers are now included where they differ from by-hand answers.
- Accompanying Technology Manuals contain detailed tutorial instructions and worked-out examples and exercises for TI-83/84 and 89 calculators and Excel.
- StatCrunch™: MyStatLab integrates the web-based statistical software, StatCrunch, within the online assessment platform so that students can easily analyze data sets from exercises and the text. In addition, MyStatLab includes access to www.StatCrunch.com, a vibrant online community where users can access tens of thousands of shared data sets, create and conduct online surveys, perform complex analyses using the powerful statistical software, and generate compelling reports.
- NEW! Learning Catalytics™ Integration: MyStatLab now includes Learning Catalytics, an interactive student response tool that uses students’ smartphones, tablets, or laptops to engage them in more sophisticated tasks and thinking. Now included with MyLab & Mastering with eText, Learning Catalytics enables you to generate classroom discussion, guide your lecture, and promote peer-to-peer learning with real-time analytics. Instructors, you can:
- Pose a variety of open-ended questions that help your students develop critical-thinking skills.
- Monitor responses to find out where students are struggling.
- Use real-time data to adjust your instructional strategy and try other ways of engaging your students during class.
- Manage student interactions by automatically grouping students for discussion, teamwork, and peer-to-peer learning.
- Over 350 new and updated Exercises include new emphasis on explaining the results of statistical analysis in students' own words. Answers in the back of the text provide recommended explanations of the statistical results. In addition, exercises have been written to require students to understand pitfalls in faulty statistical analysis.
- Retain Your Knowledge problems help students in recalling skills learned earlier in the course, so that the material is fresh for the final exam. These appear periodically at the end of section exercises.
- Big Data Problems let students analyze data sets with more than 50 observations, which cover tens of thousands of observations with thousands of variables, giving them a taste of professional data analysis.. These problems are marked with an icon and the data is available at www.pearsonhighered.com/sullivanstats.
- Over 100 new and updated examples keep this text fresh and relevant for today's students.
Also available with MyStatLab
MyStatLab™ from Pearson is the world’s leading online resource for teaching and learning statistics; it integrates interactive homework, assessment, and media in a flexible, easy-to-use format. MyStatLab is a course management system that helps individual students succeed. It provides engaging experiences that personalize, stimulate, and measure learning for each student. Tools are embedded to make it easy to integrate statistical software into the course. And, it comes from an experienced partner with educational expertise and an eye on the future.
- Videos develop statistical concepts and provide examples. Every objective in the text is accompanied by both by-hand solutions and technology solutions, where applicable. Most Chapter Test problems also have video solutions available.
- Technology Help in MyStatLab provides step-by-step instructions on how to obtain results using StatCrunch, TI-84 Plus/TI-84 Plus C, and Excel. These are marked with an icon.
- The Instructor Resource Guide provides an overview of each chapter, with detailed points to emphasize within each section, plus suggestions for presenting the material. The guide also provides examples that may be used in the classroom.
- Learning Catalytics™ Integration: MyStatLab now includes Learning Catalytics, an interactive student response tool that uses students’ smartphones, tablets, or laptops to engage them in more sophisticated tasks and thinking. Now included with MyLab & Mastering with eText, Learning Catalytics enables you to generate classroom discussion, guide your lecture, and promote peer-to-peer learning with real-time analytics. Instructors, you can:
- Pose a variety of open-ended questions that help your students develop critical-thinking skills.
- Monitor responses to find out where students are struggling.
- Use real-time data to adjust your instructional strategy and try other ways of engaging your students during class.
- Manage student interactions by automatically grouping students for discussion, teamwork, and peer-to-peer learning.
Preface to the Instructor
Resources for Success
Technology Resources
Applications Index
PART 1: GETTING THE INFORMATION YOU NEED
1. Data Collection
1.1 Introduction to the Practice of Statistics
1.2 Observational Studies versus Designed Experiments
1.3 Simple Random Sampling
1.4 Other Effective Sampling Methods
1.5 Bias in Sampling
1.6 The Design of Experiments
Chapter 1 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: What College Should I Attend?
Case Study: Chrysalises for Cash
PART 2: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
2. Organizing and Summarizing Data
2.1 Organizing Qualitative Data
2.2 Organizing Quantitative Data: The Popular Displays
2.3 Additional Displays of Quantitative Data
2.4 Graphical Misrepresentations of Data
Chapter 2 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Tables or Graphs?
Case Study: The Day the Sky Roared
3. Numerically Summarizing Data
3.1 Measures of Central Tendency
3.2 Measures of Dispersion
3.3 Measures of Central Tendency and Dispersion from Grouped Data
3.4 Measures of Position and Outliers
3.5 The Five-Number Summary and Boxplots
Chapter 3 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: What Car Should I Buy?
Case Study: Who Was “A Mourner”?
4. Describing the Relation between Two Variables
4.1 Scatter Diagrams and Correlation
4.2 Least-Squares Regression
4.3 Diagnostics on the Least-Squares Regression Line
4.4 Contingency Tables and Association
4.5 Nonlinear Regression: Transformations (online) 4-1
Chapter 4 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Relationships among Variables on a World Scale
Case Study: Thomas Malthus, Population, and Subsistence
PART 3: PROBABILITY AND PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTIONS
5. Probability
5.1 Probability Rules
5.2 The Addition Rule and Complements
5.3 Independence and the Multiplication Rule
5.4 Conditional Probability and the General Multiplication Rule
5.5 Counting Techniques
5.6 Putting It Together: Which Method Do I Use?
5.7 Bayes’s Rule (online) 5-1
Chapter 5 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: The Effects of Drinking and Driving
Case Study: The Case of the Body in the Bag
6. Discrete Probability Distributions
6.1 Discrete Random Variables
6.2 The Binomial Probability Distribution
6.3 The Poisson Probability Distribution
6.4 The Hypergeometric Probability Distribution (online) 6-1
Chapter 6 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Should We Convict?
Case Study: The Voyage of the St. Andrew
7. The Normal Probability Distribution
7.1 Properties of the Normal Distribution
7.2 Applications of the Normal Distribution
7.3 Assessing Normality
7.4 The Normal Approximation to the Binomial Probability Distribution
Chapter 7 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Stock Picking
Case Study: A Tale of Blood Chemistry
Inference: From Samples to Population
PART 4: INFERENCE: FROM SAMPLES TO POPULATION
8. Sampling Distributions
8.1 Distribution of the Sample Mean
8.2 Distribution of the Sample Proportion
Chapter 8 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: How Much Time Do You Spend in a Day...?
Case Study: Sampling Distribution of the Median
9. Estimating the Value of a Parameter
9.1 Estimating a Population Proportion
9.2 Estimating a Population Mean
9.3 Estimating a Population Standard Deviation
9.4 Putting It Together: Which Procedure Do I Use?
9.5 Estimating with Bootstrapping
Chapter 9 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: How Much Should I Spend for this House?
Case Study: Fire-Safe Cigarettes
10. Hypothesis Tests Regarding a Parameter
10.1 The Language of Hypothesis Testing
10.2 Hypothesis Tests for a Population Proportion
10.3 Hypothesis Tests for a Population Mean
10.4 Hypothesis Tests for a Population Standard Deviation
10.5 Putting It Together: Which Method Do I Use?
10.6 The Probability of a Type II Error and the Power of the Test
Chapter 10 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Selecting a Mutual Fund
Case Study: How Old Is Stonehenge?
11. Inferences on Two Samples
11.1 Inference about Two Population Proportions
11.2 Inference about Two Means: Dependent Samples
11.3 Inference about Two Means: Independent Samples
11.4 Inference about Two Population Standard Deviations
11.5 Putting It Together: Which Method Do I Use?
Chapter 11 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Which Car Should I Buy?
Case Study: Control in the Design of an Experiment
12. Inference on Categorical Data
12.1 Goodness-of-Fit Test
12.2 Tests for Independence and the Homogeneity of Proportions
12.3 Inference about Two Population Proportions: Dependent Samples
Chapter 12 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Benefits of College
Case Study: Feeling Lucky? Well, Are You?
13. Comparing Three or More Means
13.1 Comparing Three or More Means (One-Way Analysis of Variance)
13.2 Post Hoc Tests on One-Way Analysis of Variance
13.3 The Randomized Complete Block Design
13.4 Two-Way Analysis of Variance
Chapter 13 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Where Should I Invest?
Case Study: Hat Size and Intelligence
14. Inference on the Least-Squares Regression Model and Multiple Regression
14.1 Testing the Significance of the Least-Squares Regression Model
14.2 Confidence and Prediction Intervals
14.3 Introduction to Multiple Regression
14.4 Interaction and Dummy Variables
14.5 Polynomial Regression
14.6 Building a Regression Model
Chapter 14 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Buying a Home
Case Study: Housing Boom
15. Nonparametric Statistics
15.1 An Overview of Nonparametric Statistics
15.2 Runs Test for Randomness
15.3 Inferences about Measures of Central Tendency
15.4 Inferences about the Difference between Two Medians: Dependent Samples
15.5 Inferences about the Difference between Two Medians: Independent Samples
15.6 Spearman’s Rank-Correlation Test
15.7 Kruskal—Wallis Test
Chapter 15 Review
Chapter Test
Making an Informed Decision: Where Should I Live?
Case Study: Evaluating Alabama’s 1891 House Bill 504.
Appendix A Tables
Appendix B Lines (online)
Photo Credits
Answers
Index
With training in mathematics, statistics, and economics, Mike Sullivan, III has a varied teaching background that includes 15 years of instruction in both high school and college-level mathematics. He is currently a full-time professor of mathematics and statistics at Joliet Junior College. Mike has numerous textbooks in publication in addition to his Introductory Statistics Series, which include a Developmental Math series, and a Precalculus series, which he writes with his father, Michael Sullivan. Mike has built this book in the classroom, using feedback from his students. He is well aware of the challenges of students taking an introductory statistics course. His goal is for students to be more informed interpreters of data, so that they will be better decision-makers and have stronger critical-thinking skills. When not in the classroom or writing, Mike enjoys spending time with his three children, Michael, Kevin, and Marissa, and playing golf.
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