Network Programmability and Automation Fundamentals, 1st edition

Published by Cisco Press (June 28, 2021) © 2021

  • Khaled Abuelenain
  • Anton Karneliuk
  • Vinit Jain Best-selling Cisco Press author, expert trainer, and Cisco Certified Internetwork Expert (No. 22854)
  • Jeff Doyle

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Network Programmability and Automation covers designing, implementing, monitoring and operating networks using programmable interfaces on network devices versus the legacy (and soon-to-be obsolete) methods and protocols such as the Command Line Interface (CLI) and Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP). It discusses the protocols, tools, techniques and technologies upon which Network Programmability is based.

Covering the fundamentals that a network engineer needs to transition to the software and programmability domains, the book opens with an introduction that lays the foundation by discussing the market trends and emerging technologies such as SDN, NFV and Cloud, and how network programmability skills are paramount for aligning oneself with these technologies. It provides network engineers with a solid foundation in Python programming and Linux in the context of network programmability and automation.

  • The definitive guide to take students to expert level in network programmability and automation
  • This book assumes no prior knowledge in programming, Linux, or any other subject, apart from basic knowledge of networks
  • This book is closely aligned with the industry, building the correct and relevant skill set to be competitive in the market of tomorrow as a network engineer
  • Both Cisco and Open Source platforms, tools, and technologies are covered
    Introduction xxix

Part I Introduction

Chapter 1 The Network Programmability and Automation Ecosystem 1

    First, a Few Definitions 2

    Your Network Programmability and Automation Toolbox 14

    Software and Network Engineers: The New Era 19

Part II Linux

Chapter 2 Linux Fundamentals 21

    The Story of Linux 21

    The Linux Boot Process 26

    A Linux Command Shell Primer 28

    Finding Help in Linux 31

    Files and Directories in Linux 35

    Input and Output Redirection 57

    Archiving Utilities 67

    Linux System Maintenance 73

    Installing and Maintaining Software on Linux 94

    Summary 118

Chapter 3 Linux Storage, Security, and Networks 119

    Linux Storage 119

    Linux Security 135

    Linux Networking 158

    Summary 181

Chapter 4 Linux Scripting 183

    Regular Expressions and the grep Utility 184

    The AWK Programming Language 193

    The sed Utility 196

    General Structure of Shell Scripts 203

    Output and Input 207

    Variables 215

    Conditional Statements 223

    Loops 232

    The until-do Loop 237

    Functions 238

    Expect 242

    Summary 246

Part III Python

Chapter 5 Python Fundamentals 249

    Scripting Languages Versus Programming Languages 250

    Network Programmability 253

    Computer Science Concepts 255

    Python Fundamentals 260

    Summary 309

    References 310

Chapter 6 Python Applications 311

    Organizing the Development Environment 311

    The virtualenv Tool 331

    Python Modules 333

    Python Applications 336

    Summary 385

Part IV Transport

Chapter 7 HTTP and REST 387

    HTTP Overview 387

    The REST Framework 392

    The HTTP Connection 394

    HTTP Transactions 397

    HTTP Messages 415

    Resource Identification 431

    Postman 436

    HTTP and Bash 447

    HTTP and Python 455

    Summary 467

Chapter 8 Advanced HTTP 469

    HTTP/1.1 Authentication 469

    Transport Layer Security (TLS) and HTTPS 487

    HTTP/2 503

    Summary 508

Chapter 9 SSH 509

    SSH Overview 509

    Setting Up SSH 521

    Enabling SSH on Cisco Devices 526

    Secure File Transfer 540

    Summary 551

    References 551

Part V Encoding

Chapter 10 XML 553

    XML Overview, History, and Usage 553

    XML Syntax and Components 554

    Making XML Valid 562

    Navigating XML Documents 574

    XML Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) 578

    Processing XML Files with Python 580

    Summary 588

Chapter 11 JSON 591

    JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) 591

    JSON Schema Definition (JSD) 595

    Summary 614

Chapter 12 YAML 615

    YAML Structure 616

    Handling YAML Data Using Python 626

    Summary 637

Part VI Modeling

Chapter 13 YANG 639

    A Data Modeling Primer 639

    YANG Data Models 642

    Types of YANG Modules 663

    YANG Tools 673

    Summary 688

Part VII Protocols

Chapter 14 NETCONF and RESTCONF 689

    NETCONF 689

    RESTCONF 739

    Summary 779

Chapter 15 gRPC, Protobuf, and gNMI 781

    Requirements for Efficient Transport 781

    History and Principles of gRPC 782

    gRPC as a Transport 784

    The Protocol Buffers Data Format 786

    Working with gRPC and Protobuf in Python 790

    The gNMI Specification 798

    The Anatomy of gNMI 799

    Managing Network Elements with gNMI/gRPC 814

    Summary 818

Chapter 16 Service Provider Programmability 819

    The SDN Framework for Service Providers 819

    Segment Routing (SR) 823

    BGP Link State (BGP-LS) 843

    Path Computation Element Protocol (PCEP) 859

    Summary 880

Part VIII Programmability Applications

Chapter 17 Programming Cisco Platforms 881

    API Classification 882

    Network Platforms 883

    Meraki 922

    DNA Center 931

    Collaboration Platforms 942

    Summary 954

Chapter 18 Programming Non-Cisco Platforms 957

    General Approaches to Programming Networks 957

    Implementation Examples 962

    Summary 987

Chapter 19 Ansible 989

    Ansible Basics 989

    Extending Ansible Capabilities 1003

    Jinja2 Templates 1034

    Using Ansible for Cisco IOS XE 1055

    Using Ansible for Cisco IOS XR 1073

    Using Ansible for Cisco NX-OS 1084

    Using Ansible in Conjunction with NETCONF 1095

    Summary 1108

Part IX Looking Ahead

Chapter 20 Looking Ahead 1109

    Some Rules of Thumb 1109

    What Does All This Mean for Your Career? 1118



9781587145148, TOC, 4/1/2021


Khaled Abuelenain, CCIE No. 27401 (R&S, SP), is currently the Consulting Director at Acuative, a Cisco Managed Services Master Partner. Khaled has spent the past 18 years designing, implementing, operating, and automating networks and clouds. He specializes in service provider technologies, SD-WAN, data center technologies, programmability, automation, and cloud architectures. Khaled is especially interested in Linux and OpenStack.
Khaled is a contributing author of the best-selling Cisco Press book Routing TCP/IP, Volume II, 2nd edition, by Jeff Doyle. He also blogs frequently on network programmability and automation on blogs.cisco.com. Khaled is also a member of the DevNet500 group, being one of the first 500 individuals in the world to become DevNet certified. Khaled lives in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and when not working or writing, he likes to run marathons and skydive. He can be reached at kabuelenain@gmail.com, on Twitter at @kabuelenain or on LinkedIn at linkedin.com/in/kabuelenain.

Jeff Doyle, CCIE No. 1919, is a Member of Technical Staff at Apstra. Specializing in IP routing protocols, complex BGP policy, SDN/NFV, data center fabrics, IBN, EVPN, MPLS, and IPv6, Jeff has designed or assisted in the design of large-scale IP and IPv6 service provider networks in 26 countries over 6 continents.
Jeff is the author of CCIE Professional Development: Routing TCP/IP, Volumes I and II and OSPF and IS-IS: Choosing an IGP for Large-Scale Networks; a co-author of Software-Defined Networking: Anatomy of OpenFlow; and an editor and contributing author of Juniper Networks Routers: The Complete Reference. Jeff is currently writing CCIE Professional Development: Switching TCP/IP. He also writes for Forbes and blogs for both Network World and Network Computing. Jeff is one of the founders of the Rocky Mountain IPv6 Task Force, is an IPv6 Forum Fellow, and serves on the executive board of the Colorado chapter of the Internet Society (ISOC).

Anton Karneliuk, CCIE No. 49412 (R&S, SP), is a Network Engineer and Manager at THG Hosting, responsible for the development, operation, and automation of networks in numerous data centers across the globe and the international backbone. Prior to joining THG, Anton was a team lead in Vodafone Group Network Engineering and Delivery, focusing on introduction of SDN and NFV projects in Germany. Anton has 15 years of extensive experience in design, rollout, operation, and optimization of large-scale service providers and converged networks, focusing on IP/MPLS, BGP, network security, and data center Clos fabrics built using EVPN/VXLAN. He also has several years of full-stack software development experience for network management and automation. 
Anton holds a B.S. in telecommunications and an M.S. in information security from Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radio Electronics. You can find him actively blogging about network automation and running online training at Karneliuk. com. Anton lives with his wife in London.

Vinit Jain, CCIE No. 22854 (R&S, SP, Security & DC), is a Network Development Engineer at Amazon, managing the Amazon network backbone operations team. Previously, he worked as a technical leader with the Cisco Technical Assistance Center (TAC), providing escalation support in routing and data center technologies. Vinit is a speaker at various networking forums, including Cisco Live! events. He has co-authored several Cisco Press titles, such as Troubleshooting BGP, and Troubleshooting Cisco Nexus Switches and NX-OS, LISP Network Deployment and Troubleshooting, and has authored and co-authored several video courses, including BGP Troubleshooting, the CCNP DCCOR Complete Video Course, and the CCNP ENCOR Complete Video Course. In addition to his CCIEs, Vinit holds multiple certifications related to programming and databases. Vinit graduated from Delhi University in mathematics and earned a master's in information technology from Kuvempu University in India. Vinit can be found on Twitter as @VinuGenie.

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