Introduction to Fiction, An, 11th edition
Published by Pearson (September 21, 2009) © 2010
- X J. Kennedy Pitzer College
- Dana Gioia University of Southern California
- Hardcover, paperback or looseleaf edition
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Kennedy/Gioia's An Introduction to Fiction, 11th edition continues to inspire students with a rich collection of fiction and engaging insights on reading, analyzing, and writing about stories.
This bestselling anthology includes sixty-five superlative short stories, blending classic works and contemporary selections. Written by noted poets X.J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia, the text reflects the authors' wit and contagious enthusiasm for their subject. Informative, accessible apparatus presents readable discussions of the literary devices, illustrated by apt works, and supported by interludes with the anthologized writers. This edition features 10 new stories, three masterwork casebooks, revised and expanded chapters on writing, and a new design.
- Sixty-five diverse and exciting stories range from beloved classics to contemporary works from around the globe.
- Author portraits humanize writers for students and add interest.
- Four extensive casebooks—one author casebook and three masterwork casebooks on a single significant work—provide a wealth of material for in-depth study and research projects.
- Writers on Writing offer commentary from noted authors such as Ernest Hemingway, Alice Walker, John Updike, James Baldwin, and Amy Tan, on their craft, influences, and inspirations.
- Generous and insightful writing coverage is evidenced through 8 sample student papers, “Writing Effectively” sections in every chapter that provide a useful introduction to the principles of composition and critical thinking, and three revised writing chapters at the end of the text that provide comprehensive coverage of the writing and research process.
- Thorough critical coverage is provided with 28 critical excerpts integrated into the text along with a chapter devoted to the 10 major schools of literary thought.
- An exclusive conversation between Dana Gioia and celebrated writer Amy Tan gives students an insider’s look into the importance of reading to this contemporary writer.
- A diverse array of new selections including 10 new stories such as Naguib Mafhouz’s “The Lawsuit,” Virginia Woolf’s “A Haunted House,” Sherman Alexie’s “This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona,” Eudora Welty’s “Why I Live at the P.O.” and Lorrie Moore’s “How to Become a Writer.”
- A new “Latin American Writers” chapter features some of the finest writers of the region including Octavio Paz, Gabriel García Márquez, and Inés Arredondo.
- A new casebook on Nathaniel Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown”provides students new critical insight into this ever-popular and fascinating story.
- New “Key Terms Review” feature at the end of every major chapter–provide students a simple study guide to go over key concepts and terms in each chapter.
- New 2009 MLA guidelines–provides students the updated source citation guidelines from the new 7th edition of the MLA Handbook and incorporates these in all sample student papers.
- New section on “Writing a Response Paper”–provides instructions and a sample student essay for this popular type of writing assignment.
- Updated, revised format to increase accessibility and ease of use–newly added section titles and sub-titles will help Web-oriented students navigate easily from topic to topic in every chapter. Additionally, all chapters have been reviewed and updated to include relevant cultural references.
Preface
To the Instructor
About the Authors
** Indicates new selections
Fiction
Interview with Amy Tan
1. Reading a Story
The Art of Fiction
Types of Short Fiction
W. Somerset Maugham, The Appointment in Samarra
Aesop, The North Wind and the Sun
** Bidpai, The Tortoise and the Geese
Chuang Tzu, Independence
Jakob and Wilhelm Grimm, Godfather Death
Plot
The Short Story
John Updike, A & P
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
John Updike, Why Write?
Thinking About Plot
Checklist: Writing About Plot
Writing Assignment on Plot
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
2. Point of View
Identifying Point of View
Types of Narrators
Stream of Consciousness
William Faulkner, A Rose for Emily
Edgar Allan Poe, The Tell-Tale Heart
** Virginia Woolf, A Haunted House
** Eudora Welty, Why I Live at the P. O.
James Baldwin, Sonny’s Blues
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
James Baldwin, Race and the African American Writer
Thinking About Point of View
Checklist: Writing About Point of View
Writing Assignment on Point of View
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
3. Character
Types of Characters
Katherine Anne Porter, The Jilting of Granny Weatherall
Katherine Mansfield, Miss Brill
** Naguib Mahfouz, The Lawsuit
Raymond Carver, Cathedral
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Raymond Carver, Commonplace but Precise Language
Thinking About Character
Checklist: Writing About Character
Writing Assignment on Character
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
4. Setting
Elements of Setting
Historical Fiction
Regionalism
Naturalism
Kate Chopin, The Storm
Jack London, To Build a Fire
T. Coraghessan Boyle, Greasy Lake
Amy Tan, A Pair of Tickets
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Amy Tan, Setting the Voice
Thinking About Setting
Checklist: Writing About Setting
Writing Assignment on Setting
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
5. Tone and Style
Tone
Style
Diction
Ernest Hemingway, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place
William Faulkner, Barn Burning
Irony
O. Henry, The Gift of the Magi
Ha Jin, Saboteur
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Ernest Hemingway, The Direct Style
Thinking About Tone and Style
Checklist: Writing About Tone and Style
Writing Assignment on Tone and Style
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
6. Theme
Plot vs. Theme
Theme as Unifying Device
Finding the Theme
Stephen Crane, The Open Boat
Alice Munro, How I Met My Husband
Luke 15:11–32, The Parable of the Prodigal Son
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., Harrison Bergeron
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Kurt Vonnegut, Jr., The Themes of Science Fiction
Thinking About Theme
Checklist: Writing about Theme
Writing Assignment on Theme
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
7. Symbol
Allegory
Symbols
Recognizing Symbols
John Steinbeck, The Chrysanthemums
** John Cheever, The Swimmer
Ursula K. Le Guin, The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas
Shirley Jackson, The Lottery
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Shirley Jackson, Biography of a Story
Thinking About Symbols
Checklist: Writing About Symbols
Writing Assignment on Symbols
Student Paper, An Analysis of the Symbolism in Steinbeck’s “The Chrysanthemums”
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
8. Reading Long Stories and Novels
Origins of the Novel
Romance
Novels and Journalism
Short Novels and Novellas
The Future of the Novel
Leo Tolstoy, The Death of Ivan Ilych
Franz Kafka, The Metamorphosis
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Franz Kafka, Discussing The Metamorphosis
Thinking About Long Stories and Novels
Checklist: Writing About Ideas for a Research Paper
Writing Assignment for a Research Paper
Student Paper, Kafka’s Greatness
More Topics for Writing
Terms for Review
9. Latin American Fiction
Jorge Luis Borges, The Gospel According to Mark
Octavio Paz, My Life with the Wave
** Gabriel García Márquez, A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings
** Inés Arredondo, The Shunammite
Writing Effectively
Writers on Writing
Gabriel García Márquez, My Beginnings As A Writer
Topics for Writing on “The Gospel According to Mark”
Topics for Writing on “My Life with Wave”
Topics for Writing on “a very old man with enormous wings”
Topics for Writing on “The Shunammite”
10. Critical Casebook: Flannery O’Connor
Flannery O’Connor, A Good Man Is Hard to Find
Flannery O’Connor, Revelation
Flannery O’Connor, Parker’s Back
Flannery O’Connor on Writing
From “On Her Own Work”
On Her Catholic Faith
From “The Grotesque in Southern Fiction”
Yearbook Cartoons
Critics on Flannery O’Connor
J. O. Tate, A Good Source Is Not So Hard to Find: The Real Life Misfit
Mary Jane Schenck, Deconstructing “A Good Man Is Hard to Find”
Louise S. Cowann The Character of Mrs. Turpin in “Revelation”
Kathleen Feeley, The Mystery of Divine Direction: “Parker’s Back”
Writing Effectively
Topics for Writing
11. Critical Casebook: Three Stories in Depth
Nathaniel Hawthorne
Young Goodman Brown
** Nathaniel Hawthorne on Writing
** Reflections on Truth and Clarity in Literature
** Criticizing His Own Work
Critics on Hawthorne
** Herman Melville, Excerpt from a Review of “Mosses from and Old Manse”
** Edgar Allan Poe, The Genius of Hawthorne's Short Stories
Critics on “Young Goodman Brown”
** Richard H. Fogle, Ambiguity in “Young Goodman Brown”
** Paul J. Hurley, Evil Wherever He Looks
** Nancy Bunge, Complacency and Community
Charlotte Perkins Gilman
The Yellow Wallpaper
Charlotte Perkins Gilman on Writing
Why I Wrote “The Yellow Wallpaper”
Whatever Is
The Nervous Breakdown of Women
Critics on “The Yellow Wallpaper”
Juliann Fleenor, Gender and Pathology in “The Yellow Wallpaper”
Sandra M. Gilbert and Susan Gubar, Imprisonment and Escape: The Psychology of Confinement
Elizabeth Ammons, Biographical Echoes in “The Yellow Wallpaper”
Alice Walker
Everyday Use
Alice Walker on Writing
The Black Woman Writer in America
Reflections on Writing and Women's Lives
Critics on “Everyday Use”
Barbara T. Christian, “Everyday Use” and the Black Power Movement
Houston A. Baker and Charlotte Pierce-Baker, Stylish vs. Sacred in “Everyday Use”
Elaine Showalter, Quilt as Metaphor in “Everyday Use”
Writing Effectively
Topics for Writing on “Young goodman brown”
Topics for Writing on “The Yellow Wallpaper”
Topics for Writing on “Everyday Use”
12. Stories for Further Reading
Chinua Achebe, Dead Men’s Path
** Sherman Alexie, This Is What It Means to Say Phoenix, Arizona
Margaret Atwood, Happy Endings
Ambrose Bierce, An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge
Willa Cather, Paul’s Case
Anton Chekhov, The Lady with the Pet Dog
Kate Chopin, The Story of an Hour
Sandra Cisneros, The House on Mango Street
Ralph Ellison, Battle Royal
Zora Neale Hurston, Sweat
James Joyce, Araby
** Franz Kafka, Before the Law
Jamaica Kincaid, Girl
Jhumpa Lahiri, Interpreter of Maladies
D. H. Lawrence, The Rocking-Horse Winner
Bobbie Ann Mason, Shiloh
** Lorrie Moore, How To Become A Writer
Joyce Carol Oates, Where Are You Going, Where Have You Been?
Tim O’Brien, The Things They Carried
Tillie Olsen, I Stand Here Ironing
Tobias Wolff, The Rich Brother
13. Writing about Literature
Read Actively
Robert Frost, NOTHING GOLD CAN STAY
Plan Your Essay
Discover Your Ideas
Sample Student Prewriting Exercises
Developing a Literary Argument
Writing a Rough Draft
Sample Student Paper (Rough Draft)
Revise Your Draft
Some Final Advice on Rewriting
Document Sources to Avoid Plagiarism
The Form of Your Finished Paper
Spell-Check and Grammar Check Programs
14. Writing About a Story
Read Actively
Think About the Story
Discover Ideas
Sample Student Prewriting Exercises
Write a Rough Draft
What’s Your Purpose? Common Approaches to Writing about Fiction
Topics for Writing
15. Writing a Research Paper
Browse the Research
Choose a Topic
Begin Your Research
Evaluate Sources
Organize Your Research
Refine Your Thesis
Organize Your Paper
Write and Revise
Maintain Academic Integrity
Acknowledge All Sources
Documenting Sources Using MLA Style
Reference Guide for Citation
16. Critical Approaches to Literature
Formalist Criticism
Biographical Criticism
Historical Criticism
Psychological Criticism
Mythological Criticism
Sociological Criticism
Gender Criticism
Reader-Response Criticism
Deconstructionist Criticism
Cultural Studies
Terms for Review
Acknowledgements
Photo Acknowledgements
Index of Major Themes
Index of Authors and Titles
Index of Literary Terms
X. J. Kennedy, after graduation from Seton Hall and Columbia, became a journalist second class in the Navy (“Actually, I was pretty eighth class”). His poems, some published in the New Yorker, were first collected in Nude Descending a Staircase (1961). Since then he has written six more collections, several widely adopted literature and writing textbooks, and seventeen books for children, including two novels. He has taught at Michigan, North Carolina (Greensboro), California (Irvine), Wellesley, Tufts, and Leeds. Cited in Bartlett’s Familiar Quotations and reprinted in some 200 anthologies, his verse has brought him a Guggenheim fellowship, a Lamont Award, a Los Angeles Times Book Prize, an award from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters, an Aiken-Taylor prize, the Robert Frost Medal of the Poetry Society of America, and the Award for Poetry for Children from the National Council of Teachers of English. He now lives in Lexington, Massachusetts, where he and his wife Dorothy have collaborated on four books and five children.
Dana Gioia is a poet, critic, and teacher. Born in Los Angeles of Italian and Mexican ancestry, he attended Stanford and Harvard before taking a detour into business. (“Not many poets have a Stanford M.B.A., thank goodness!”) After years of writing and reading late in the evenings after work, he quit a vice presidency to write and teach. He has published three collections of poetry, Daily Horoscope (1986), The Gods of Winter (1991), and Interrogations at Noon (2001), which won the American Book Award; an opera libretto, Nosferatu (2001); and three critical volumes, including Can Poetry Matter? (1992), an influential study of poetry’s place in contemporary America. Gioia has taught at Johns Hopkins, Sarah Lawrence, Wesleyan (Connecticut), Mercer, and Colorado College.
He is also the co-founder of the summer poetry conference at West Chester University in Pennsylvania. From 2003-2009 he served as Chairman of the National Endowment for the Arts. At the NEA he created the largest literary programs in federal history, including Shakespeare in American Communities and Poetry Out Loud, the national high school poetry recitation contest. He also led the campaign to restore active and engaged literary reading by creating The Big Read, which has helped reverse a quarter century of decline in U.S. reading. He currently divides his time between Washington, D.C. and Santa Rosa, California, living with his wife Mary, their two sons, and two uncontrollable cats.
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