Human Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Manual: Making Connections, Fetal Pig Version, 2nd edition

Published by Pearson (January 11, 2018) © 2019

  • Catharine C. Whiting University of North Georgia

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For the 2-semester A&P laboratory course.

Engage students in A&P Lab

Human Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory Manual: Making Connections incorporates an active learning approach and hands-on activities to addresses the challenges of getting students to engage in the lab, prepare for the lab and apply concepts in the lab. Developed to accompany Amerman's Human Anatomy & Physiology, 2nd Edition, the lab manual can accompany any A&P text and comes in Main, Cat and Pig versions; Cat and Pig versions include 7 cat and 9 pig dissection exercises.

The 2nd Edition features “What You Need to Know Before You Start this Unit” and Post-lab Assignments that focus on key concepts and critical-thinking skills.

Hallmark features of this title

  • Making Connections Charts foster the ability to make connections between concepts learned in lecture and their application in the lab.
  • Concept Mapping in Post-Lab assignments challenge students to identify relationships among key concepts.
  • Media Call-outs point students to pre-lab videos, dissection and bones videos, muscle animations, and other lab media students can access before, during and after lab.
  • Hands-on activities include labeling, sketching, touching, dissecting, interacting in groups and making predictions.
  • Lab Boosts invite students to do hands-on demonstrations of key concepts.

New and updated features of this title

  • “What You Need to Know Before You Start This Unit” helps students review before lab; background material helps students come to lab better prepared by summarizing key concepts and reinforcing lecture topics; and pre-lab assignments help students prepare for lab.
  • Guided questions help students think about relevant concepts and how they apply to the activity.
  • Clinical Connection boxes highlight relevant diseases or conditions and reinforce key concepts.
  • REVISED: Post-lab Assignments at the end of each lab help students focus on key concepts and improve critical-thinking skills
  • Pronunciation guides help students learn new, complex vocabulary. Quick Tips provide hints for remembering key terms.
  • BIOPAC® activities use BIOPAC Student Labs data acquisition system in Unit 12 “Introduction to the Muscular System: Muscle Tissue”, Unit 15 “The Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord”, Unit 22 “Physiology of the Heart”, and Unit 27 “Physiology of the Respiratory System.” Units 12 and 15 activities have been revised.

Features of Mastering A&P for the 2nd Edition

  • Pre-Lab Video Coaching Activities focus on key concepts demonstrated in the activity and then walk students through procedures and steps of the lab activity. Each includes“Pause and Predict” questions.
  • Pre-Lab Assignments now test on the same content as Pre-Lab Assignments in the manual to ensure consistent experience between the lab manual and Mastering.
  • Lab Assistant Videos feature the author introducing select lab activities, walking students through key steps and reviewing key concepts for that activity.
  • Cat and Fetal Pig Dissection Video Coaching Activities help students prepare for dissection by previewing key anatomical structures. Each video includes 12 comparisons to human structures.
  • PhysioEx 10.0 Laboratory Simulations in Physiology is a suite of over 60 easy-to-use laboratory simulation activities that complement or replace wet labs, including those that are expensive or time-consuming to perform in class.
  • Practice Anatomy Lab (PAL) 4.0 is a virtual anatomy study and practice tool that provides students 24/7 access to the most widely used lab specimens including human cadaver, histology, cat, fetal pig, 3D and anatomical models. PAL 4.0 includes built-in audio pronunciations, mobile friendly flashcards, and multiple choice and fill-in-the blank lab practical quizzes. Questions with images from PAL can be assigned and automatically graded in the Mastering A&P Item Library.

BRIEF CONTENTS

  • Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
  • Unit 2: Introduction to the Organ Systems
  • Unit 3: Chemistry
  • Unit 4: The Microscope
  • Unit 5: The Cell
  • Unit 6: Histology
  • Unit 7: The Integumentary System
  • Unit 8: Introduction to the Skeletal System
  • Unit 9: The Axial Skeleton
  • Unit 10: The Appendicular Skeleton
  • Unit 11: Joints
  • Unit 12: Introduction to the Muscular System: Muscle Tissue
  • Unit 13: Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System
  • Unit 14: Introduction to the Nervous System
  • Unit 15: The Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord
  • Unit 16: The Peripheral Nervous System: Nerves and Autonomic Nervous System
  • Unit 17: General and Special Senses
  • Unit 18: The Endocrine System
  • Unit 19: Blood
  • Unit 20: Anatomy of the Heart
  • Unit 21: Physiology of the Heart
  • Unit 22: Anatomy of Blood Vessels
  • Unit 23: Circulatory Pathways and the Physiology of Blood Vessels
  • Unit 24: The Lymphatic System
  • Unit 25: Anatomy of the Respiratory System
  • Unit 26: Physiology of the Respiratory System
  • Unit 27: Anatomy of the Digestive System
  • Unit 28: Physiology of the Digestive System
  • Unit 29: Anatomy of the Urinary System
  • Unit 30: Physiology of the Urinary System
  • Unit 31: Reproductive and Development

Cat Dissection (in cat version)

  • Dissection 1: Exploring the Muscular System of the Cat
  • Dissection 2: Exploring the Spinal Nerves of the Cat
  • Dissection 3: Exploring the Respiratory System of the Cat
  • Dissection 4: Exploring the Digestive System of the Cat
  • Dissection 5: Exploring the Cardiovascular System of the Cat
  • Dissection 6: Exploring the Urinary System of the Cat
  • Dissection 7: Exploring the Reproductive System of the Cat

Fetal Pig Dissection (in fetal pig version)

  • Dissection 1: Examining Surface Anatomy and Preparing the Fetal Pig for Dissection
  • Dissection 2: Skeletal Muscles of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 3: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 4: Endocrine System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 5: Cardiovascular System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 6: Digestive System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 7: Respiratory System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 8: Urinary System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 9: Reproductive System of the Fetal Pig

FULL CONTENTS

Unit 1: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

  • Activity 1: Identifying Body Regions and Exploring Surface Anatomy
  • Activity 2: Identifying Body Cavities and Abdominopelvic Regions
  • Activity 3: Demonstrating and Identifying Body Planes of Section
  • Activity 4: Assisting the Coroner

Unit 2: Introduction to the Organ Systems

  • Activity 1: Locating and Describing Major Organs and Their Functions
  • Activity 2: Using Anatomical Terminology to Describe Organ Locations
  • Activity 3: Studying Homeostasis and Organ System Interactions

Unit 3: Chemistry

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Chemical Properties of Water
  • Activity 2: Determining pH and Interpreting the pH Scale
  • Activity 3: Observing the Role of Buffers
  • LabBOOST: Protein Structure
  • Activity 4: Analyzing Enzymatic Activity

Unit 4: The Microscope

  • Activity 1: Identifying the Parts of the Microscope
  • Activity 2: Using the Microscope to View Objects
  • Activity 3: Determining Field Diameter and Estimating the Size of Objects
  • LabBOOST: Metric Conversions
  • Activity 4: Perceiving Depth of Field
  • Activity 5: Caring for the Microscope

Unit 5: The Cell

  • LabBOOST: Organelles
  • Activity 1: Making a Wet Mount
  • Activity 2: Identifying Cell Structures and Describing Their Functions
  • Activity 3: Examining the Possible Role of Osmosis in Cystic Fibrosis
  • Activity 4: Identifying the Stages of the Cell Cycle
  • Activity 5: Exploring Cellular Diversity
  • PhysioEx Exercise 1: Cell Transport Mechanisms and Permeability

Unit 6: Histology

  • Activity 1: Examining Epithelial Tissue
  • Activity 2: Characterizing Connective Tissue
  • Activity 3: Exploring Nervous Tissue and Muscle Tissue
  • Activity 4: Constructing a Tissue Identification Concept Map

Unit 7: The Integumentary System

  • Activity 1: Identifying and Describing Skin Structures
  • Activity 2: Examining the Histology of the Skin
  • Activity 3: Determining Sweat Gland Distribution

Unit 8: Introduction to the Skeletal System

  • Activity 1: Reviewing Skeletal Cartilages
  • Activity 2: Classifying and Identifying the Bones of the Skeleton
  • Activity 3: Examining the Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone
  • LabBOOST: Osteon Model
  • Activity 4: Exploring the Microscopic Anatomy of Compact Bone
  • Activity 5: Examining the Chemical Composition of Bone

Unit 9: The Axial Skeleton

  • Activity 1: Studying the Bones of the Skull
  • Activity 2: Examining the Fetal Skull
  • Activity 3: Studying the Bones of the Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cage
  • Activity 4: Identifying Bones in a Bag

Unit 10: The Appendicular Skeleton

  • LabBOOST: The Pelvic Bones
  • Activity 1: Studying the Bones of the Appendicular Skeleton
  • Activity 2: Identifying Bones in a Bag

Unit 11: Joints

  • Activity 1: Identifying and Classifying Joints
  • Activity 2: Demonstrating Movements Allowed by Synovial Joints
  • Activity 3: Comparing and Contrasting the Structure and Function of Selected Synovial Joints

Unit 12: Introduction to the Muscular System: Muscle Tissue

  • Activity 1: Identifying the Structural Components of a Skeletal Muscle
  • Activity 2: Examining the Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle Tissue and the Neuromuscular Junction
  • LabBOOST: Visualizing Sliding Filaments
  • Activity 3: Stimulating Muscle Contraction in Glycerinated Skeletal Muscle Tissue
  • Activity 4: Electromyography in a Human Subject Using Biopac
  • PhysioEx Exercise 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Unit 13: Gross Anatomy of the Muscular System

  • Activity 1: Determining How Skeletal Muscles Are Named
  • Activity 2: Mastering the Muscles of the Head and Neck
  • Activity 3: Mastering the Muscles of the Trunk
  • Activity 4: Mastering the Muscles of the Upper Limb
  • Activity 5: Mastering the Muscles of the Lower Limb

Unit 14: Introduction to the Nervous System

  • Activity 1: Calculating Reaction Time
  • Activity 2: Investigating the Motor Neuron
  • Activity 3: Investigating the Chemical Synapse
  • Activity 4: Exploring the Histology of Nervous Tissue
  • PhysioEx Exercise 3: Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses

Unit 15: The Central Nervous System: Brain and Spinal Cord

  • LabBOOST: Visualizing the Brain
  • Activity 1: Exploring the Functional Anatomy of the Brain
  • Activity 2: Electroencephalography in a Human Subject Using Biopac
  • Activity 3: Identifying the Meninges/Ventricles and Tracing the Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Activity 4: Examining the Functional Anatomy of the Spinal Cord
  • Activity 5: Dissecting a Sheep Brain and Spinal Cord

Unit 16: The Peripheral Nervous System: Nerves and Autonomic Nervous System

  • LabBOOST: Learning the Cranial Nerves
  • Activity 1: Learning the Cranial Nerves
  • Activity 2: Evaluating the Function of the Cranial Nerves
  • Activity 3: Identifying the Spinal Nerves and Nerve Plexuses
  • Activity 4: Exploring the Autonomic Nervous System

Unit 17: General and SpecialSenses

  • Activity 1: Identifying General Sensory Receptors and Exploring Their Structure and Function
  • Activity 2: Examining the Structure and Function of Olfactory and Gustatory Receptors
  • Activity 3: Exploring the Structure and Function of the Eye
  • Activity 4: Dissecting a Mammalian Eye
  • Activity 5: Performing Visual Tests
  • Activity 6: Exploring the Structure and Function of the Ear
  • Activity 7: Performing Hearing and Equilibrium Tests

Unit 18: The Endocrine System

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Organs of the Endocrine System
  • Activity 2: Examining the Microscopic Anatomy of the Pituitary Gland, Thyroid Gland, Parathyroid Gland, Adrenal Gland, and Pancreas
  • LabBOOST: Microscopic Anatomy of the Adrenal Cortex
  • Activity 3: Investigating Endocrine Case Studies: Clinician’s Corner
  • PhysioEx Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology

Unit 19: Blood

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Formed Elements of Blood
  • Activity 2: Performing a Hematocrit
  • Activity 3: Performing a Differential White Blood Cell Count
  • Activity 4: Determining Coagulation Time
  • Activity 5: Determining Blood Types
  • PhysioEx Exercise 11: Blood Analysis

Unit 20: Anatomy of the Heart

  • Activity 1: Examining the Functional Anatomy of the Heart
  • Activity 2: Dissecting a Mammalian Heart
  • Activity 3: Reviewing the Microscopic Structure of Cardiac Muscle Tissue
  • Activity 4: Tracing Circulatory Pathways

Unit 21: Physiology of the Heart

  • Activity 1: Recording and Interpreting an Electrocardiogram
  • Activity 2: Auscultating Heart Sounds
  • Activity 3: Electrocardiography in a Human Subject Using Biopac
  • PhysioEx Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology

Unit 22: Anatomy of Blood Vessels

  • LabBOOST: Blood Vessel Pathways
  • Activity 1: Identifying the Major Arteries That Supply the Head, Neck, Thorax, and Upper Limbs
  • Activity 2: Identifying the Major Arteries That Supply the Abdominopelvic Organs and the Lower Limbs
  • Activity 3: Identifying Veins That Drain into the Venae Cavae
  • Activity 4: Examining the Histology of Arteries and Veins

Unit 23: Circulatory Pathways and the Physiology of Blood Vessels

  • Activity 1: Tracing Blood Flow—General Systemic Pathways
  • Activity 2: Tracing Blood Flow—Specialized Systemic Pathways
  • Activity 3: Tracing Blood Flow—Pulmonary Circulation
  • Activity 4: Tracing Blood Flow—Fetal Circulation
  • Activity 5: Measuring Blood Pressure and Examining the Effects of Body Position and Exercise
  • PhysioEx Exercise 5: Cardiovascular Dynamics

Unit 24: The Lymphatic System

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Organs of the Lymphatic System
  • Activity 2: Examining the Histology of a Lymph Node, a Tonsil, and the Spleen
  • Activity 3: Tracing the Flow of Lymph through the Body
  • Activity 4: Using a Pregnancy Test to Demonstrate Antigen–Antibody Reactions
  • PhysioEx Exercise 12: Serological Testing

Unit 25: Anatomy of the Respiratory System

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Organs of the Respiratory System
  • Activity 2: Examining the Microscopic Anatomy of the Trachea and Lungs
  • Activity 3: Examining a Sheep Pluck

Unit 26: Physiology of the Respiratory System

  • Activity 1: Analyzing the Model Lung and Pulmonary Ventilation
  • Activity 2: Measuring Respiratory Volumes in a Human Subject Using Biopac
  • Activity 3: Determining Respiratory Volumes and Capacities at Rest and Following Exercise
  • Activity 4: Investigating the Control of Breathing
  • PhysioEx Exercise 7: Respiratory System Mechanics

Unit 27: Anatomy of the Digestive System

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Organs of the Alimentary Canal
  • Activity 2: Exploring the Accessory Organs of the Digestive System
  • Activity 3: Examining the Histology of Selected Digestive Organs

Unit 28: Physiology of the Digestive System

  • Activity 1: Analyzing Amylase Activity
  • Activity 2: Analyzing Pepsin Activity
  • Activity 3: Analyzing Lipase Activity
  • Activity 4: Tracing Digestive Pathways
  • PhysioEx Exercise 8: Chemical and Physical Processes of Digestion

Unit 29: Anatomy of the Urinary System

  • Activity 1: Exploring the Organs of the Urinary System
  • Activity 2: Dissecting a Mammalian Kidney
  • Activity 3: Examining the Microscopic Anatomy of the Kidney, Ureter, and Urinary Bladder
  • LabBOOST: Anatomy of the Renal Corpuscle

Unit 30: Physiology of the Urinary System

  • Activity 1: Demonstrating the Function of the Filtration Membrane
  • Activity 2: Simulating the Events of Urine Production and Urine Concentration
  • Activity 3: Using the Results of a Urinalysis to Make Clinical Connections
  • LabBOOST: Understanding Tonicity
  • PhysioEx Exercise 9: Renal System Physiology
  • PhysioEx Exercise 10: Acid–Base Balance

Unit 31: Reproductive and Development

  • Activity 1: Examining Male Reproductive Anatomy
  • Activity 2: Examining Female Reproductive Anatomy
  • Activity 3: Exploring the Microscopic Anatomy of Selected Reproductive Organs
  • Activity 4: Comparing Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis
  • Activity 5: Exploring Fertilization and the Stages of Prenatal Development
  • Activity 6: Examining the Placenta

Cat Dissection (in cat version)

  • Dissection 1: Exploring the Muscular System of the Cat
  • Dissection 2: Exploring the Spinal Nerves of the Cat
  • Dissection 3: Exploring the Respiratory System of the Cat
  • Dissection 4: Exploring the Digestive System of the Cat
  • Dissection 5: Exploring the Cardiovascular System of the Cat
  • Dissection 6: Exploring the Urinary System of the Cat
  • Dissection 7: Exploring the Reproductive System of the Cat

Fetal Pig Dissection (in fetal pig version)

  • Dissection 1: Examining Surface Anatomy and Preparing the Fetal Pig for Dissection
  • Dissection 2: Skeletal Muscles of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 3: Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 4: Endocrine System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 5: Cardiovascular System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 6: Digestive System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 7: Respiratory System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 8: Urinary System of the Fetal Pig
  • Dissection 9: Reproductive System of the Fetal Pig

About our authors

Catharine C. Whiting, University of North Georgia

Cathy Whiting began her college career at Waycross Junior College before transferring to the University of Georgia and earning a B.S. degree in biology. She earned both M.S.T. and Ph.D. degrees in zoology at the University of Florida, training under an extraordinary mentor, Dr. Louis J. Guillette, a distinguished researcher, author, and educator who taught her how to do science and, more importantly, how to teach. With 25 years of college teaching experience, Whiting seeks to engage her students through active learning in order to facilitate the development of critical-thinking and problem-solving skills. She has discovered that passionate teaching leads to passionate learning and that students don't care how much you know until they know how much you care. The recipient of several teaching awards including Faculty Member of the Year, Advisor of the Year, and Master Teacher, she considers her greatest reward to be the privilege of teaching and impacting the lives of students.

About our media contributor

Karen L. Keller, Frostburg State University

Karen Keller earned both her B.S. and M.S. degrees in biology from Frostburg State University and her Ph.D. in physiology from the University of Georgia, College of Veterinary Medicine. She has taught at community college and four-year college levels and has extensive experience teaching introductory biology, anatomy and physiology, musculoskeletal anatomy, microbiology, comparative vertebrate anatomy, histology, and parasitology courses. In addition, she advises students interested in pursuing careers in the health professions and is a member of the American Association of Anatomists, the Human Anatomy and Physiology Society, and the Northeast Association of Advisors for the Health Professions.

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