Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools, 2nd edition

Published by Pearson (November 21, 2011) © 2007

  • Alfred V. Aho Columbia University
  • Jeffrey D. Ullman Stanford University
  • Ravi Sethi Avaya Labs
  • Monica S. Lam Stanford University
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Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools (known to professors, students and developers worldwide as the "Dragon Book") is available in a 2nd Edition. Every chapter has been completely revised to reflect developments in software engineering, programming languages, and computer architecture that have occurred since 1986, when the previous edition published. The authors, recognizing that few readers will ever go on to construct a compiler, retain their focus on the broader set of problems faced in software design and software development.

New chapters include Instruction-Level Parallelism (Ch. 10), Optimizing for Parallelism and Locality (Ch. 11), and Interprocedural Analysis (Ch. 12).

1. Introduction

  • 1.1 Language Processors
  • 1.2 The Structure of a Compiler
  • 1.3 The Evolution of Programming Languages
  • 1.4 The Science of Building a Compiler
  • 1.6 Programming Language Basics
  • 1.7 Summary of Chapter 1
  • 1.8 References for Chapter 1

2. A Simple Syntax-Directed Translator

  • 2.1 Introduction
  • 2.2 Syntax Definition
  • 2.3 Syntax-Directed Translation
  • 2.4 Parsing
  • 2.5 A Translator for Simple Expressions
  • 2.6 Lexical Analysis
  • 2.7 Symbol Tables
  • 2.8 Intermediate Code Generation
  • 2.9 Summary of Chapter 2

3. Lexical Analysis

  • 3.1 The Role of the Lexical Analyzer
  • 3.2 Input Buffering
  • 3.3 Specification of Tokens
  • 3.4 Recognition of Tokens
  • 3.5 The Lexical-Analyzer Generator Lex
  • 3.6 Finite Automata
  • 3.7 From Regular Expressions to Automata
  • 3.8 Design of a Lexical-Analyzer Generator
  • 3.9 Optimization of DFA-Based Pattern Matchers
  • 3.10 Summary of Chapter 3
  • 3.11 References for Chapter 3

4. Syntax Analysis

  • 4.1 Introduction
  • 4.2 Context-Free Grammars
  • 4.3 Writing a Grammar
  • 4.4 Top-Down Parsing
  • 4.5 Bottom-Up Parsing
  • 4.6 Introduction to LR Parsing: Simple LR
  • 4.7 More Powerful LR Parsers
  • 4.8 Using Ambiguous Grammars
  • 4.9 Parser Generators
  • 4.10 Summary of Chapter 4
  • 4.11 References for Chapter 4

5. Syntax-Directed Translation

  • 5.1 Syntax-Directed Definitions
  • 5.2 Evaluation Orders for SDD's
  • 5.3 Applications of Syntax-Directed Translation
  • 5.4 Syntax-Directed Translation Schemes
  • 5.5 Implementing L-Attributed SDD's
  • 5.6 Summary of Chapter 5
  • 5.7 References for Chapter 5

6. Intermediate-Code Generation

  • 6.1 Variants of Syntax Trees
  • 6.2 Three-Address Code
  • 6.3 Types and Declarations
  • 6.4 Translation of Expressions
  • 6.5 Type Checking
  • 6.6 Control Flow
  • 6.7 Backpatching
  • 6.8 Switch-Statements
  • 6.9 Intermediate Code for Procedures
  • 6.10 Summary of Chapter 6
  • 6.11 References for Chapter 6

7. Run-Time Environments

  • 7.1 Storage Organization
  • 7.2 Stack Allocation of Space
  • 7.3 Access to Nonlocal Data on the Stack
  • 7.4 Heap Management
  • 7.5 Introduction to Garbage Collection
  • 7.6 Introduction to Trace-Based Collection
  • 7.7 Short-Pause Garbage Collection
  • 7.8 Advanced Topics in Garbage Collection
  • 7.9 Summary of Chapter 7
  • 7.10 References for Chapter 7

8. Code Generation

  • 8.1 Issues in the Design of a Code Generator
  • 8.2 The Target Language
  • 8.3 Addresses in the Target Code
  • 8.4 Basic Blocks and Flow Graphs
  • 8.5 Optimization of Basic Blocks
  • 8.6 A Simple Code Generator
  • 8.7 Peephole Optimization
  • 8.8 Register Allocation and Assignment
  • 8.9 Instruction Selection by Tree Rewriting
  • 8.10 Optimal Code Generation for Expressions
  • 8.11 Dynamic Programming Code-Generation
  • 8.12 Summary of Chapter 8
  • 8.13 References for Chapter 8

9. Machine-Independent Optimizations

  • 9.1 The Principal Sources of Optimization
  • 9.2 Introduction to Data-Flow Analysis
  • 9.3 Foundations of Data-Flow Analysis
  • 9.4 Constant Propagation
  • 9.5 Partial-Redundancy Elimination
  • 9.6 Loops in Flow Graphs
  • 9.7 Region-Based Analysis
  • 9.8 Symbolic Analysis
  • 9.9 Summary of Chapter 9
  • 9.10 References for Chapter 9

10. Instruction-Level Parallelism

  • 10.1 Processor Architectures
  • 10.2 Code-Scheduling Constraints
  • 10.3 Basic-Block Scheduling
  • 10.4 Global Code Scheduling
  • 10.5 Software Pipelining
  • 10.6 Summary of Chapter 10
  • 10.7 References for Chapter 10

11. Optimizing for Parallelism and Locality

  • 11.1 Basic Concepts
  • 11.2 Matrix Multiply: An In-Depth Example
  • 11.3 Iteration Spaces
  • 11.4 Affine Array Indexes
  • 11.5 Data Reuse
  • 11.6 Array Data-Dependence Analysis
  • 11.7 Finding Synchronization-Free Parallelism
  • 11.8 Synchronization Between Parallel Loops
  • 11.9 Pipelining
  • 11.10 Locality Optimizations
  • 11.11 Other Uses of Affine Transforms
  • 11.12 Summary of Chapter 11
  • 11.13 References for Chapter 11

12. Interprocedural Analysis

  • 12.1 Basic Concepts
  • 12.2 Why Interprocedural Analysis?
  • 12.3 A Logical Representation of Data Flow
  • 12.4 A Simple Pointer-Analysis Algorithm
  • 12.5 Context-Insensitive Interprocedural Analysis
  • 12.6 Context-Sensitive Pointer Analysis
  • 12.7 Datalog Implementation by BDD's
  • 12.8 Summary of Chapter 12
  • 12.9 References for Chapter 12

A. A Complete Front End

  • A.1 The Source Language
  • A.2 Main
  • A.3 Lexical Analyzer
  • A.4 Symbol Tables and Types
  • A.5 Intermediate Code for Expressions
  • A.6 Jumping Code for Boolean Expressions
  • A.7 Intermediate Code for Statements
  • A.8 Parser
  • A.9 Creating the Front End

B. Finding Linearly Independent Solutions

Index

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