Compilers: Principles, Techniques, and Tools, 2nd edition

1. Introduction

• 1.1 Language Processors
• 1.2 The Structure of a Compiler
• 1.3 The Evolution of Programming Languages
• 1.4 The Science of Building a Compiler
• 1.6 Programming Language Basics
• 1.7 Summary of Chapter 1
• 1.8 References for Chapter 1

2. A Simple Syntax-Directed Translator

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Syntax Definition
• 2.3 Syntax-Directed Translation
• 2.4 Parsing
• 2.5 A Translator for Simple Expressions
• 2.6 Lexical Analysis
• 2.7 Symbol Tables
• 2.8 Intermediate Code Generation
• 2.9 Summary of Chapter 2

3. Lexical Analysis

• 3.1 The Role of the Lexical Analyzer
• 3.2 Input Buffering
• 3.3 Specification of Tokens
• 3.4 Recognition of Tokens
• 3.5 The Lexical-Analyzer Generator Lex
• 3.6 Finite Automata
• 3.7 From Regular Expressions to Automata
• 3.8 Design of a Lexical-Analyzer Generator
• 3.9 Optimization of DFA-Based Pattern Matchers
• 3.10 Summary of Chapter 3
• 3.11 References for Chapter 3

4. Syntax Analysis

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Context-Free Grammars
• 4.3 Writing a Grammar
• 4.4 Top-Down Parsing
• 4.5 Bottom-Up Parsing
• 4.6 Introduction to LR Parsing: Simple LR
• 4.7 More Powerful LR Parsers
• 4.8 Using Ambiguous Grammars
• 4.9 Parser Generators
• 4.10 Summary of Chapter 4
• 4.11 References for Chapter 4

5. Syntax-Directed Translation

• 5.1 Syntax-Directed Definitions
• 5.2 Evaluation Orders for SDD's
• 5.3 Applications of Syntax-Directed Translation
• 5.4 Syntax-Directed Translation Schemes
• 5.5 Implementing L-Attributed SDD's
• 5.6 Summary of Chapter 5
• 5.7 References for Chapter 5

6. Intermediate-Code Generation

• 6.1 Variants of Syntax Trees
• 6.2 Three-Address Code
• 6.3 Types and Declarations
• 6.4 Translation of Expressions
• 6.5 Type Checking
• 6.6 Control Flow
• 6.7 Backpatching
• 6.8 Switch-Statements
• 6.9 Intermediate Code for Procedures
• 6.10 Summary of Chapter 6
• 6.11 References for Chapter 6

7. Run-Time Environments

• 7.1 Storage Organization
• 7.2 Stack Allocation of Space
• 7.3 Access to Nonlocal Data on the Stack
• 7.4 Heap Management
• 7.5 Introduction to Garbage Collection
• 7.6 Introduction to Trace-Based Collection
• 7.7 Short-Pause Garbage Collection
• 7.8 Advanced Topics in Garbage Collection
• 7.9 Summary of Chapter 7
• 7.10 References for Chapter 7

8. Code Generation

• 8.1 Issues in the Design of a Code Generator
• 8.2 The Target Language
• 8.3 Addresses in the Target Code
• 8.4 Basic Blocks and Flow Graphs
• 8.5 Optimization of Basic Blocks
• 8.6 A Simple Code Generator
• 8.7 Peephole Optimization
• 8.8 Register Allocation and Assignment
• 8.9 Instruction Selection by Tree Rewriting
• 8.10 Optimal Code Generation for Expressions
• 8.11 Dynamic Programming Code-Generation
• 8.12 Summary of Chapter 8
• 8.13 References for Chapter 8

9. Machine-Independent Optimizations

• 9.1 The Principal Sources of Optimization
• 9.2 Introduction to Data-Flow Analysis
• 9.3 Foundations of Data-Flow Analysis
• 9.4 Constant Propagation
• 9.5 Partial-Redundancy Elimination
• 9.6 Loops in Flow Graphs
• 9.7 Region-Based Analysis
• 9.8 Symbolic Analysis
• 9.9 Summary of Chapter 9
• 9.10 References for Chapter 9

10. Instruction-Level Parallelism

• 10.1 Processor Architectures
• 10.2 Code-Scheduling Constraints
• 10.3 Basic-Block Scheduling
• 10.4 Global Code Scheduling
• 10.5 Software Pipelining
• 10.6 Summary of Chapter 10
• 10.7 References for Chapter 10

11. Optimizing for Parallelism and Locality

• 11.1 Basic Concepts
• 11.2 Matrix Multiply: An In-Depth Example
• 11.3 Iteration Spaces
• 11.4 Affine Array Indexes
• 11.5 Data Reuse
• 11.6 Array Data-Dependence Analysis
• 11.7 Finding Synchronization-Free Parallelism
• 11.8 Synchronization Between Parallel Loops
• 11.9 Pipelining
• 11.10 Locality Optimizations
• 11.11 Other Uses of Affine Transforms
• 11.12 Summary of Chapter 11
• 11.13 References for Chapter 11

12. Interprocedural Analysis

• 12.1 Basic Concepts
• 12.2 Why Interprocedural Analysis?
• 12.3 A Logical Representation of Data Flow
• 12.4 A Simple Pointer-Analysis Algorithm
• 12.5 Context-Insensitive Interprocedural Analysis
• 12.6 Context-Sensitive Pointer Analysis
• 12.7 Datalog Implementation by BDD's
• 12.8 Summary of Chapter 12
• 12.9 References for Chapter 12

A. A Complete Front End

• A.1 The Source Language
• A.2 Main
• A.3 Lexical Analyzer
• A.4 Symbol Tables and Types
• A.5 Intermediate Code for Expressions
• A.6 Jumping Code for Boolean Expressions
• A.7 Intermediate Code for Statements
• A.8 Parser
• A.9 Creating the Front End

B. Finding Linearly Independent Solutions

Index