Published by Pearson (March 20, 2017) © 2018
Text features and benefits include:
Provides a careful presentation of the history and professional foundations of counseling, the many roles and functions of clinical mental health counselors, the specifics of working with various populations, and the settings in which clinical mental health counselors work and the services they provide.
Features a logical, coherent organization that better equips students to serve as clinical mental health counselors.
Offers a practical, real-life focus on applying concepts presented in the case studies and in the narratives provided by professionals in the field.
Includes coverage of case conceptualization, diagnosis, treatment planning, and record keeping.
Current, relevant information about issues pertinent to the profession is included, preparing students to become clinical mental health counselors.
Updates, revisions, and key content changes include:
UPDATED! Over 200 references have been added or updated, keeping this revision current with the research in the field.
UPDATED! References to the DSM-TR-IV have been replaced by references to the DSM-5, making the diagnosis of clients current with the latest standards in the field.
UPDATED! References to the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics of 2005 have been replaced with a focus on the 2014 ACA Code of Ethics.
UPDATED! References to 2009 CACREP Standards have been replaced with references to the 2016 CACREP Standards.
Features a more complete discussion of the standards for students in CACREP-accredited programs.
REVISED! Streamlined from 16 to 15 chapters, the text now aligns more with semesters which are usually 15 weeks long. (The separate chapters on the history of counseling and identity as a mental health counselor have been combined.)
NEW! More than two dozen tables, figures, and boxes have been added to summarize important material.
NEW! Key words and concepts throughout are now boldfaced for easier identification.
REVISED! Some chapter material has been reorganized, such as the following:
“Coaching” has been moved from chapter 13 on college and career counseling and placed in chapter 15 next to private practice, which is more likely to be a setting that employs this clinical mental health specialty.
The last half of Chapter 8 (dealing with crises and disasters) has been moved to the front of the chapter, as these are more prevalent activities counselors will be involved in than matters pertaining to suicide.
REVISED! Chapter lengths have been evened out to provide a more uniform flow to the text.
NEW! An Epilogue has been added that compares where the field of counseling and mental health counseling was in the late 1970s when it was first formulated and where it is in the 2010s.
Also available with MyLab Counseling
This title is also available with MyLab™ Counseling - an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with the text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students see key concepts demonstrated through video clips, practice what they learn, test their understanding, and receive feedback to guide their learning and ensure they master key learning outcomes. MyLab Counseling resources include:
Key updates, revisions, and content changes include:
Over 200 references have been added or updated, keeping this revision current with the research in the field.
References to the DSM-TR-IV have been replaced by references to the DSM-5, making the diagnosis of clients current with the latest standards in the field.
References to the American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics of 2005 have been replaced with a focus on the 2014 ACA Code of Ethics.
References to 2009 CACREP Standards have been replaced with references to the 2016 CACREP Standards.
Streamlined from 16 to 15 chapters, the text now aligns more with semesters which are usually 15 weeks long (the separate chapters on the history of counseling and identity as a mental health counselor have been combined).
More than two dozen tables, figures, and boxes have been added to summarize important material.
Key words and concepts throughout are now boldfaced for easier identification.
An Epilogue has been added that compares where the field of counseling and mental health counseling was in the late 1970s when it was first formulated and where it is in the 2010s.
Also available with MyLab Counseling
This title is also available with MyLab™ Counseling - an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with the text to engage students and improve results. Within its structured environment, students see key concepts demonstrated through video clips, practice what they learn, test their understanding, and receive feedback to guide their learning and ensure they master key learning outcomes. MyLab Counseling resources include:
BRIEF TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. HISTORICAL AND PROFESSIONAL FOUNDATIONS OF CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING
1. History of and Professional Identity in Clinical Mental Health Counseling
2. Ethical and Legal Aspects of Counseling
3. Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Diverse Society
PART II. ROLES AND FUNCTIONS OF CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELORS
4. The Counseling Process
5. Client Assessment and Diagnosis
6. Holistic Approaches to Clinical Mental Health Counseling
7. Consultation, Advocacy, and Evaluation
8. Dealing with Crises, Disasters, and Suicide, while Managing Stress, and Avoiding Burnout
III. WORKING WITH SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
9. Working with Groups
10. Couples and Family Counseling
11. Counseling Children and Adolescents
12. Counseling Adults
IV. CLINICAL MENTAL HEALTH COUNSELING: SETTINGS AND SERVICES
13. College and Career Counseling
14. Community Agencies, Medical Settings, and Other Specialized Clinical Settings
15. Employee Assistance Programs, Private Practice, Coaching and Managed Care
Epilogue
Appendix - ACA Code of Ethics (2014)
References
Name Index
Subject Index
DETAILED TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1:Historical and Professional Foundations of Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Chapter 1.History of and Professional Identity in Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Historical Roots of Clinical Mental Health Counseling
A Chronological Overview of Professional Counseling
Before 1900
1900—1909
1910s
1920s
1930s
1940s
1950s
1960s
1970s
1980s
1990s
2000—2009
2010-2016
Professional Identity
Defining Therapeutic Professionals
Nonprofessionals
General Human Services Workers
Professional Helpers
Defining Counseling
Legal Recognition of Counseling as a Profession
Professional Identification through Credentialing
Inspection
Registration,
Certification
Licensure
Identifying and Defining Therapeutic Professionals
Social Work
Psychiatry
Psychiatric Mental Health Nurses
Psychologists
Clinical Mental Health Counseling
Clinical Mental Health Practice Settings and Services
Direct client services,
Indirect client services,
Direct community services
Indirect community services
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 2.Ethical and Legal Aspects of Counseling
Definitions: Ethics, Morality, and Law
Ethics and Counseling
Purpose of Ethical Codes
The ACA Code of Ethics
Overview of Changes Made to the 2014 ACA Code of Ethics
NBCC Code of Ethics
Limitations of Ethical Codes
Making Ethical Decisions
Other Guidelines for Acting Ethically
Unethical Behavior
The Law and Counseling
Criminal, Civil, and Administrative Law
Malpractice
Other Reasons for Court Appearances
Common Ethical and Legal Concerns
Privacy, Confidentiality, and Privileged Communication
Informed Consent
Professional Boundaries and Roles with Clients
Professional Competence
End-of-Life Decisions
The Use of Technology
Using Technology-Assisted Counseling Responsibly
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 3.Clinical Mental Health Counseling in a Diverse Society
Culture and Ethnicity
Defining Culture and Multicultural Counseling
Challenges and Issues in Multicultural Counseling
Developing Multicultural Counseling Competencies
Becoming Ethnically Responsive Counselors: Integrating Awareness, Knowledge, and Skills
Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity
Definitions and Terminology
Homophobia and Heterosexism
Sexual Identity Development and Coming Out
Other Counseling Issues and Implications
Working with Transgender Clients
Differing Abilities
Definitions and Terminology
Factors Associated with Increased Rates of Disability
Attitudes and Myths about Disabilities
Federal Regulation Related to Disability
Counseling Goals and Interventions
Training, Roles, and Functions of Rehabilitation Counselors
Counseling Issues and Implications
Socioeconomic Status and Social Class
Definitions and Terminology
SES as a Risk Factor
Poverty and Social Class Fluidity
Counseling Implications
Summary and Conclusion
PART 2:Roles and Functions of Clinical Mental Health Counselors
Chapter 4.The Counseling Process
The Physical Setting of Counseling
Aesthetic Qualities and Room Design
Initial Sessions: Building a Counseling Relationship
Seriousness of the Presenting Problem
Structure
Initiative
Initial Counseling Interviews
Relationship Building during Initial Sessions
Case Conceptualization
Client Records
The Working Phase of Counseling
Treatment Plans
Interventions, Skills, and Techniques
Case Notes
Documenting Work with High-Risk Clients
Closing Counseling Relationships
Why Closing Is Important
Timing of Closing
Facilitating Closing
Documenting Closing
Following Up
Referring and Recycling
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 5.Client Assessment and Diagnosis
Assessment in Counseling
Assessment Defined
Methods of Assessment
Purposes of Assessment
Principles of Sound Assessment
Issues Related to Assessment
Diagnosis
Using the DSM-5 in Counseling
Overview of Mental Disorders and Conditions
Diagnosis and Treatment
Biopsychosocial Assessment and Diagnosis
Biopsychosocial Assessment and Reporting
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 6.Holistic Approaches to Clinical Mental Health Counseling
The Biopsychosocial Model
Biological Components
Psychological Components
Social Components
Assessment and Treatment Planning
Spirituality
Terminology
Benefits Associated with Spirituality
Spirituality and the Counseling Process
Mindfulness
Wellness
Wellness Models: The Wheel of Wellness and the Indivisible Self
Ways to Use the Indivisible Self Model in Counseling
Prevention
Definition of Prevention
Rationale for Prevention
Prevention Models
Stress Management
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 7.Consultation, Advocacy, and Evaluation
Mental Health Consultation
What Is Mental Health Consultation?
Caplan’s Four Types of Mental Health Consultation
Key Characteristics of Successful Consultants
Advocacy
What Is Advocacy?
Empowerment
Social Action
ACA Advocacy Competencies
Advocacy Skills and Attributes
Challenges of Advocacy
Advocacy for the Profession
Client Outcome Evaluation
Definition and Purpose of Client Outcome Evaluation
Multifaceted Approaches to Client Outcome Evaluation
Challenges and Benefits of Client Outcome Evaluation
Program Evaluation
Purposes of Program Evaluation
Steps in Evaluation
Process and Program Outcome Evaluation
Quality Assurance
Issues and Challenges of Program Evaluation
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 8.Crises and Disasters, Managing Suicide Risk, Stress, and Burnout
Crisis and Disaster Response
Definition of Crisis
Definition of Crisis Intervention
Crisis Assessment
Six-Step Model of Crisis Intervention
Disaster Mental Health Training
Compassion Fatigue, Secondary Traumatic Stress, and Vicarious Traumatization
Suicide Assessment and Intervention
Data Related to Suicide Prevalence
Talking with Clients about Suicide
Suicide Assessment
Identifying Risk and Protective Factors
Immediate Interventions
Responding to Risk Assessment
Maintaining Effectiveness as a Counselor: Managing Stress and Avoiding Burnout
Stress and Burnout in Counseling
Establishing Limits
Modeling Self-Care
Cultivating Self-Awareness
Maintaining a Sense of Humor
Summary and Conclusion
PART 3:Working with Specific Populations
Chapter 9.Working with Groups
The Place of Groups in Counseling
Types of Groups
Psychoeducational Groups
Counseling Groups
Psychotherapy Groups
Task/Work Groups
Mixed Groups
Realities and Misperceptions about Groups
Uses, Advantages, and Limitations of Groups
Uses of Groups
Advantages of Groups
Limitations of Groups
Theoretical Approaches in Conducting Groups
Stages in Groups
Issues in Groups
Selection and Preparation of Group Members
Group Size and Duration
Open versus Closed Groups
Confidentiality
Physical Structure
Coleaders
Self-Disclosure
Feedback
Follow-Up
Qualities of Effective Group Leaders
Group Organizations
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 10.Couples and Family Counseling
What Is a Family?
Family Life and the Family Life Cycle
Different Types of Families and Their Issues
Minority Ethnic Families
Dual-Career Families
Single-Parent Families
Childless Families
Remarried Families
Gay and Lesbian Families
Aging Families
Multigenerational Families
Military Families
Family Life Stressors
Expected Life Stressors
Unexpected Life Stressors
Couples Counseling
Psychoanalytic Theory
Social-Learning Theory
Bowen Family Systems Theory
Structural—Strategic Theory
Rational Emotive Behavior Theory
Emotionally Focused Therapy
Family Counseling
Psychodynamic Family Counseling
Experiential Family Counseling
Behavioral Family Counseling
Structural Family Counseling
Strategic Family Counseling
Brief Solution-Focused Family Counseling
Narrative Family Therapy
Couple and Family Enrichment
Research and Associations
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 11. Counseling Children and Adolescents
Developmental Considerations
Early Childhood
Middle Childhood
Adolescence
Bioecological Considerations
Psychological, Biological, and Genetic Influences
Contextual Influences
Counseling Considerations
Building a Counseling Relationship
Assessment and Evaluation
Designing and Implementing a Treatment Plan
Creative Interventions
Concerns Affecting Children and Adolescents
Depression
Eating Disorders
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Specific Issues of Concern
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 12. Counseling Adults
The Transition Framework
Emerging Adulthood
Counseling Implications for Emerging Adults
Early Adulthood
Developmental Issues
Early Adult Lifestyles
Counseling Implications for Young Adults
Middle Adulthood
Physical Changes
Psychosocial Issues
Midlife Relationships
Counseling Implications
Later Adulthood
Developmental Issues
Activities in Late Adulthood
Relationships
Response to Adversity
Ageism
What Is Ageism?
How Is Ageism Expressed?
Gender-Aware Counseling
Counseling Women
Counseling Men
Summary and Conclusion
PART 4:Clinical Mental Health Counseling: Settings and Services
Chapter 13.College and Career Counseling
Counseling in College and University Settings
History of College Counseling
Campus Counseling Centers and Areas of Clinical Focus
Prevalent Mental Health Issues among College Students
Severe Mental Illness and Suicide
Crisis Management on College Campuses
Other Issues of Concern
Career Counseling
The Need for Career Development Services
Career Development Process
Career Counseling and Related Terminology
Career Development Theories
Career Counseling Process and Skills
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 14.Community Agencies, Medical Settings, and Other Specialized Clinical Settings
Community Mental Health Centers and Agencies
Evolution of Community Mental Health Centers
Service Delivery
Direct and Indirect Services
Professional Affiliation and Certification
Hospitals and Other Healthcare Settings
Inpatient Medical Settings
Other Behavioral Health/Psychiatric Services
Cancer Patient Support Services
Memory Assessment Counseling Services
Other Hospital-Based Counseling Services
Other Specialized Clinical Settings
Hospice and Palliative Care
Substance Abuse Treatment Programs
Child and Family Service Agencies
Other Clinical Services
Summary and Conclusion
Chapter 15.Employee Assistance Programs, Private Practice, Coaching, and Managed Care
Employee Assistance Programs
Becoming an EAP Counselor
Serving as an EAP Counselor
Private Practice Counseling
Private Practice Work Settings
Services Offered by Private Practitioners
Pragmatic Considerations
Tips for Building a Successful Private Practice
Coaching
What Is Coaching?
Clinical Mental Health Counseling and Coaching
Different Types of Coaching
Regulation of Coaching
Managed Care
The Development of Managed Care Systems
What Is Managed Care?
Implications for Counselors
Advantages and Disadvantages of Managed Care
Ethical Considerations
Recommendations for Counselors
Summary and Conclusion
Epilogue
Appendix: ACA Code of Ethics (2014)
References
Name Index
Subject Index
Samuel T. Gladding is a professor in the Department of Counseling at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. He is a fellow in the American Counseling Association and its former president (2004—2005). He has also served as president of the Association for Counselor Education and Supervision (ACES), the Association for Specialists in Group Work (ASGW), the American Association of State Counseling Boards, and Chi Sigma Iota. He is the former editor of the Journal for Specialists in Group Work, a past member of the American Counseling Association Foundation, and a past member of the North Carolina Board of Licensed Professional Counselors.
Dr. Gladding has authored numerous professional publications, including 45 books. In 1999, he was cited as being in the top 1% of contributors to the flagship periodical of the American Counseling Association: the Journal of Counseling and Development. A National Certified Counselor (NCC), a Certified Clinical Mental Health Counselor (CCMHC), and a Licensed Professional Counselor (North Carolina), Dr. Gladding’s specialty in counseling is creativity. He is married to Claire Tillson Gladding and is the father of three adult sons. In his spare time, he enjoys swimming, writing poetry, listening to music, and reading humor and history.
Deborah W. Newsome is an associate professor in the Department of Counseling at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, where she serves as the clinical mental health program director. She served on the Executive Board of the Association for Assessment in Counseling and Education (AACE) for 6 years and is a member of several divisions of the American Counseling Association (ACA). She is a National Certified Counselor (NCC), a Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), and a Licensed North Carolina School Counselor. She teaches courses in clinical mental health counseling, counseling skill development, assessment, and career development and counseling. She also supervises graduate students’ clinical experiences and volunteers at a local nonprofit counseling center.
Dr. Newsome has coauthored three books and over 25 book chapters and journal articles. In 2005, she received Wake Forest University’s Graduate Student Association Faculty Excellence Award. She and her husband, David Newsome, are the parents of two young adults–David, Jr., and Jennifer. Debbie is an avid runner and swimmer and enjoys playing the flute for various community organizations.
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