PART I: PREPARING TO DRAW WITH AUTOCAD

Chapter 1 Introducing the AutoCAD User Interface 1

Chapter Objectives 1

Introduction 1

Exercise 1-1 Examine the AutoCAD User Interface and Save a Workspace 2

Drawing Window and Graphics Cursor 4

Application Menu Button 7

Inputting or Selecting a Command 8

Ribbon 8

Expanded Panels 9

Dialog Boxes and Palettes 9

Tooltips 10

Flyouts 10

Command Line Window (<Ctrl>+9) 11

Quick Access Toolbar 11

Customizing the Quick Access Toolbar Down Arrow and Showing the Menu Bar 12

Using AutoCAD Toolbars 13

User Coordinate System Icon 14

Advantage of Using the UCS 14

Viewport Label Menus 14

ViewCube 16

Navigation Bar 17

Infocenter 18

Status Bar 18

Drawing Coordinates Values (<Ctrl>+I) 18

Model or Paper Space 21

Quick View Tools 21

Annotation Scaling Tools 21

Workspace Switching 22

Lock/Unlock Toolbar and Window Positions 22

On/Off Hardware Acceleration 22

Clean Screen (<Ctrl>+0 [Zero]) 22

Modifying and Saving a Workspace 22

Getting Help in AutoCAD 2022 24

Closing AutoCAD 25

Chapter Summary 26

Chapter Test Questions 26

PART II: TWO-DIMENSIONAL AUTOCAD

Chapter 2 Quick-Start Tutorials: Basic Settings and Commands 29

Chapter Objectives 29

Introduction 29

Following the Tutorials in This Book 30

Tutorial 2-1 Part 1, Beginning an AutoCAD Drawing: Saving Your Work; Setting Units, Limits, Grid, and Snap; Creating Layers 31

Beginning an AutoCAD Drawing 31

Saving the Drawing 32

Save 32

Save As 32

DWT 34

DWS 34

DXF 34

Drawing Name and File Name Extension 35

Units 36

Controlling Your Drawing 36

Drawing Scale 37

Drawing Limits and the Cartesian Coordinate System 37

Grid 38

GRIDDISPLAY 38

Snap 40

Zoom 41

Drafting Settings Dialog Box 41

Layers 42

Layer Lists 44

Linetypes 46

Lineweights 46

Lineweight Settings Dialog Box 46

Lineweight Display 48

Setting the Annotation Scale 50

Saving the Drawing 50

Using the Mouse and Right-Click Customization 51

Tutorial 2-1 Part 2, Drawing Lines, Circles, Arcs, Ellipses, and Donuts 52

Ortho 52

Drawing Lines Using the Grid Marks and Snap Increments 53

Erase and Undo 54

Drawing Lines Using Absolute Coordinates 56

Drawing Lines Using Relative Coordinates 57

Drawing Lines Using Polar Coordinates 58

Drawing Lines Using Direct Distance Entry 59

DYNMODE 59

Circle 60

Center, Radius 61

Center, Diameter 62

2 Points 62

3 Points 63

TTR 63

LTSCALE 63

ZOOM 64

Zoom-Window 64

Zoom-All 65

Zoom-Previous 65

Zoom-Extents 66

Zoom-Object 66

Zoom-Realtime 66

PAN REALTIME 66

Transparent Commands 66

REDRAW 67

REGEN 67

HIGHLIGHT 67

Move and Editing Commands Selection Set 67

Options for Selecting Objects to Modify 70

Window (W) and Crossing Window (C) 71

All (ALL) 71

Fence (F) 71

Remove (R) and Add (A) 71

Last (L) and Previous (P) 71

Undo (U) 72

Grips 72

UNDO and REDO 73

ARC 74

3-Point 74

Start, Center, End 76

Start, Center, Angle 76

Start, Center, Length 76

Start, End, Angle 77

Start, End, Direction 77

Start, End, Radius 77

Continue 77

ELLIPSE 77

Axis, End 77

Center 79

DONUT 79

SCALE 80

Reference 80

Adding Text 82

Command History 82

Tutorial 2-2 Plot Responses for CH2-TUTORIAL1, Using the Model Tab 83

Plot - Name 84

Page Setup 84

Printer/Plotter 84

Plot to File 85

Browse for Plot File 85

Plot Style Table (Pen Assignments) 85

Paper Size 86

Plot Area 87

Plot Scale 87

Annotative Property and Annotation Scale 88

Plot Offset (Origin Set to Printable Area) 89

Shaded Viewport Options 89

Plot Options 89

Drawing Orientation 90

Preview… 90

Chapter Summary 92

Chapter Test Questions 92

Chapter Projects 95

Chapter 3 Drawing with AutoCAD: Conference and Lecture Rooms 103

Chapter Objectives 103

Exercise 3-1 Drawing a Rectangular Conference Room, Including Furniture 103

Making a Drawing Template 105

Polyline 107

Undo 108

OFFSET 108

Through 109

Erase 109

Layer 109

EXPLODE 109

ID Point 109

TRIM 111

Rectangle 111

CHAMFER 114

Polyline 114

Undo 114

Angle 115

Trim 115

mEthod 115

Multiple 115

FILLET 116

COPY and Osnap-Midpoint 117

ROTATE 118

Reference 119

POINT 119

DIVIDE 120

MEASURE 121

OSNAP 122

Activating Osnap 122

Copy, Osnap-Midpoint, Osnap-Node 123

MIRROR 124

Osnap Modes That Snap to Specific Drawing Features 127

Exercise 3-2 Drawing a Rectangular Lecture Room, Including Furniture 130

Running Osnap Modes 129

Osnap Settings: Marker, Aperture, Magnet, Tooltip 130

Making Solid Walls Using Polyline and Solid Hatch 132

From 133

BREAK 133

First 134

@ 134

Polyline Edit 134

HATCH 136

ARRAY 138

Rectangular 140

Path 141

ARRAYEDIT 141

Distance 141

Exercise 3-3 Drawing a Curved Conference Room, Including Furniture 144

Polyline 145

Width 146

Half Width 146

Length 147

Close 147

POLYGON 148

Edge 149

Grips—Add Vertex 149

Grips—Convert to Arc 151

ARRAY 152

Polar 152

Exercise 3-4 Drawing a Conference Room Using Polar Tracking 155

Polar Tracking 157

Polyline Edit 159

Specifying Points with Tracking 160

Drawing the Chairs around the Conference Table 162

Completing the Conference Room 164

Using Command Preview 165

Choosing Selection Options 166

Chapter Summary 167

Chapter Test Questions 167

Chapter Projects 170

Chapter 4 Adding Text and Tables to the Drawing 183

Chapter Objectives 183

Exercise 4-1 Placing Text on Drawings 183

Making Settings for Text Style 185

Style Name 185

Font Name 185

Making a New Text Style 186

Using the Single Line Text Command to Draw Text 189

Setting the Justify Option 191

Using Standard Codes to Draw Special Characters 192

Using the Multiline Text Command to Draw Text Paragraphs in Columns 195

Changing Text Properties 198

Checking the Spelling 202

Exercise 4-2 Using the TABLE Command to Create a Door Schedule 203

Exercise 4-3 Using the TABLE Command to Create a Window Schedule 214

Chapter Summary 215

Chapter Test Questions 215

Chapter Projects 218

Chapter 5 Advanced Plotting: Using Plot Styles, Paper Space, Multiple Viewports, and PDF Files 223

Chapter Objectives 223

Understanding Layer Names, Colors, and Lineweights 223

Choosing a Plot Style 224

Named Plot Style (STB) 225

Color-Dependent Plot Style (CTB) 226

Exercise 5-1 Make a Color-Dependent Plot Style to Change Colors to Plot Black 226

Exercise 5-2 Plot a Layout with One Viewport 228

Model, Layout1, and Layout2 Tabs 229

Page Setup Manager 229

Center and Scale the Plan 230

Complete the Layout 232

Exercise 5-3 Plot a Layout with Two Viewports 233

Insert an Entire Drawing into a Current Drawing 233

Page Setup Manager 236

Copy a Viewport 237

Center and Scale the Plans 237

Complete the Layout 239

Exercise 5-4 Plot a Layout with Four Viewports 241

Viewports (VPORTS) 242

Use MVIEW to Restore the Viewport VP4 into Layout1 244

Page Setup Manager 245

Center and Scale the Plans 246

Complete the Layout 246

Exercise 5-5 Make PDF Files That Can Be Attached to E-mails and Opened without the AutoCAD Program 247

Chapter Summary 250

Chapter Test Questions 250

Chapter Projects 253

Chapter 6 Drawing the Floor Plan: Walls, Doors, and Windows 255

Chapter Objectives 255

The Tenant Space Project 255

Exercise 6-1 Tenant Space Floor Plan 256

RECTANGLE 257

HATCH 258

ARRAY 258

Multiline Style 260

Multiline Command 262

Edit Multiline Command 268

EXTEND 269

PROPERTIES 269

LIST 270

COLOR 270

Linetype 272

Lineweight 272

Make Object's Layer Current 272

Match Properties 272

Block 273

Wblock 276

Insert 278

Insertion Point 281

X Scale Factor, Y Scale Factor 281

Using Annotative Text 282

Inserting Entire Drawings as Blocks 284

Advantages of Using Blocks 284

Exercise 6-2 Hotel Room 1 Floor Plan 285

AutoCAD DesignCenter 287

Chapter Summary 291

Chapter Test Questions 291

Chapter Projects 294

Chapter 7 Dimensioning and Area Calculations 297

Chapter Objectives 297

Eight Basic Types of Dimensions 297

Using Dimension Variables 298

Exercise 7-1 Dimensioning the Tenant Space

Floor Plan Using Linear Dimensions 301

Setting the Dimension Variables Using the Command Prompt 303

Setting the Dimension Variables Using the Dimension Style Manager Dialog Box 304

Using the Fit Tab to Scale for Dimension Features 309

Annotative 309

Scale Dimensions to Layout 310

Use Overall Scale of: (DIMSCALE) 310

Linear and Continue Dimensioning 311

Aligned Dimensioning 315

Baseline Dimensioning 315

Adding a Dimension Break 318

Using Adjust Space 318

Exercise 7-2 Revisions and Modifying Dimensions 319

Setting the DIMASSOC Dimension Variable 319

Understanding Associative Dimension Commands 321

Oblique 321

Align Text (Home-Angle-Left-Center-Right) 322

Override 322

Update 322

Defpoints Layer 322

Using the PROPERTIES Palette 323

Accessing Match Properties 323

Using Grips 323

Drawing a Revision Cloud 324

Exercise 7-3 Tenant Space Total Square Footage 326

Defining the Area for Square Footage 326

Using the Cal Calculator 329

Chapter Summary 331

Chapter Test Questions 331

Chapter Projects 334

Chapter 8 Drawing Elevations, Sections, and Details 337

Chapter Objectives 337

Introduction 337

Exercise 8-1 Tenant Space: Elevation of Conference Room Cabinets 337

UCS 339

UCS Icon 340

Draw the Upper Cabinets 341

Mirror 342

Draw the Lower Cabinets 344

Stretch 345

Complete the Drawing 354

Circles to Be Used with Multileaders 357

Exercise 8-2 The Multileader Command 357

Multileader Standard Style 357

Multileader 360

Multileader Align 362

Change Multileader Style 362

Multileader Collect 366

Multileader Add 367

Exercise 8-3 Tenant Space: Section of Conference Room Cabinets with Hatching 368

Prepare to Use the Hatch Command with the Add: Select Objects Boundary Option 371

Use the Hatch Command with the Add: Select Objects Boundary Option 372

Use the Hatch Command with the Add: Pick Points Boundary Option 373

Hatch; Hatch and Gradient Dialog Box; Hatch Tab 376

Type and Pattern 376

Angle and Scale 377

Hatch Origin 378

Boundaries 378

Options 378

More Options 379

Islands 380

Boundary Retention 380

Boundary Set 380

Gap Tolerance 380

Inherit Options 380

Edit Hatch 381

Exercise 8-4 Detail of Door Jamb with Hatching 385

Exercise 8-5 Use Point Filters and Object Snap Tracking to Make an Orthographic Drawing of a Conference Table 386

Point Filters 388

Object Snap Tracking 389

Chapter Summary 393

Chapter Test Questions 393

Chapter Projects 396

Chapter 9 Drawing the Furniture Installation Plan, Adding Specifications, and Extracting Data 401

Chapter Objectives 401

Introduction 401

Exercise 9-1 Tenant Space Furniture Installation Plan with Furniture Specifications 402

Draw the Furniture Symbols 403

Define Attributes (ATTDEF) 403

Constant Attribute 408

Variable Attribute 410

Verify Attribute 412

Edit Text (TEXTEDIT) 413

QP (Quick Properties) 414

Properties Palette 414

WBLOCK the Furniture with Attributes Symbol 414

Insert the Furniture Symbols with Attributes into the Drawing 416

Complete the Tenant Space Furniture Installation Plan 418

Edit Attribute, Single 418

Edit Attribute, Global 420

Attribute Display (ATTDISP) 422

Redefining an Inserted Block with Attributes Using the BLOCK Command 422

Block Attribute Manager (BATTMAN) 423

Synchronize Attributes (ATTSYNC) 423

Exercise 9-2 Extracting Attributes from the Tenant Space Furniture Installation Plan 424

Data Extraction… 425

Chapter Summary 430

Chapter Test Questions 430

Chapter Projects 432

Chapter 10 DesignCenter, Dynamic Blocks, and External References 435

Chapter Objectives 435

Introduction 435

Exercise 10-1 Reception Area Furniture Installation Plan Using the DesignCenter 435

The DesignCenter 436

DesignCenter Tabs 436

DesignCenter Buttons 437

Exercise 10-2 Training Room Furniture Installation Plan Using DesignCenter and Dynamic Blocks 440

Use Block Editor to Make Dynamic Blocks 445

Exercise 10-3 Attach an External Reference to an Office Plan 456

XATTACH (Attach External Reference) 456

External Reference (XREF) 457

XBIND 457

Features of External References 457

Chapter Summary 463

Chapter Test Questions 463

Chapter Projects 465

Chapter 11 Drawing the Reflected Ceiling Plan and Voice/Data/Power Plan 471

Chapter Objectives 471

Introduction 471

Exercise 11-1 Part 1, Tenant Space Lighting Legend and Reflected Ceiling Plan 471

Tenant Space Lighting Legend Symbols 473

Tenant Space Reflected Ceiling Plan 473

Exercise 11-1 Part 2, Tenant Space Voice/Data/Power Legend and Plan 474

Tenant Space Voice/Data/Power Legend Symbols 474

Tenant Space Voice/Data/Power Plan 476

Chapter Summary 478

Chapter Test Questions 478

Chapter Projects 480

Chapter 12 Creating Presentations with Layouts and Making a Sheet Set 485

Chapter Objectives 485

Exercise 12-1 Make a Printed Presentation of the Tenant Space Project by Combining Multiple Plans on One Sheet of Paper 485

Use Create Layout Wizard to Set Up Four Viewports on a Single Sheet 486

Complete the Title Block 487

Use Layer Properties Manager to Freeze Viewport Layers 490

Scale and Center the Plans 492

Using MVSETUP to Align the Plans 492

Complete the Presentation 494

Exercise 12-2 Making a Four-Sheet Presentation of the Tenant Space Project Using a Sheet Set 495

Make New Layout Tabs and Rename the New Layout Tabs 496

Prepare the Layout Tabs for Plotting Drawings 496

Use MVSETUP to Insert a Title Block 498

Quick View Tools 500

New Sheet Set and Sheet Set Manager 501

Chapter Summary 504

Chapter Test Questions 504

Chapter Project 507

Chapter 13 Isometric Drawing and Gradient Hatch Rendering 509

Chapter Objectives 509

Axonometric Drawing 509

Isometric Drawing 509

Exercise 13-1 Fundamentals of Isometric Drawing 510

Drafting Settings Dialog Box 512

Shape 1: Drawing the Isometric Rectangle 512

Shape 2: Drawing Isometric Ellipses 513

Shape 3: Drawing a Chair with Ellipses That Show the Thickness of a Material 515

Shape 4: Drawing a Shape That Has a Series of Isometric Ellipses Located on the Same Centerline 518

Shape 5: Isometric Detail with Rounded Corners 520

Shape 6: A TV Shape with an Angled Back 521

Shape 7: Isometric Detail: A Hexagonal-Shaped Vase 524

Exercise 13-2 Tenant Space Reception Desk in Isometric 525

Dimensioning in Isometric 532

Gradient Hatch 532

Exercise 13-3 Using Gradient Patterns to Render the Shapes of Exercise 13-1 533

Chapter Summary 540

Chapter Test Questions 540

Chapter Projects 543

PART III: THREE-DIMENSIONAL AUTOCAD

Chapter 14 Solid Modeling 547

Chapter Objectives 547

Introduction 547

Creating Primitive Shapes with Solid Commands 548

Creating Composite Solids with Solid Commands 548

Editing Solids with Solid Commands 548

Controlling UCS in Three Dimensions 549

Dynamic UCS 549

Viewing Solids 549

3D Views Menu Options 549

SteeringWheels 551

ViewCube 552

Editing Solids with Other Commands 552

Controlling Solids Display 552

Exercise 14-1 Part 1, Drawing Primitive Solids 553

Box 555

Sphere 555

Wedge 556

Cone 556

Cylinder 557

Torus 557

Exercise 14-1 Part 2, Using Extrude to Draw Extruded Solids 558

Drawing an Extruded Circle 558

Drawing an Extruded Polygon 558

Drawing an Extruded Rectangle 559

Drawing an Extruded Structural Angle 560

Drawing an Extruded Shape 561

Exercise 14-1 Part 3, Using REVOLVE to Draw Revolved Solids; Using 3DROTATE to Rotate Solids about the X-, Y-, and Z-Axes 562

Drawing Revolved Shape 1 562

Drawing a Revolved Rectangle 564

Drawing a Revolved Paper Clip Holder 565

Using 3dROTATE 565

Exercise 14-1 Part 4, Using CHAMFER and FILLET to Form Chamfers and Fillets on Solid Edges 566

Chamfering and Filleting the Top Four Edges of Two Separate Boxes 566

Chamfering and Filleting the Top Edge of Two Separate Cylinders 567

Exercise 14-1 Part 5, Using UNION to Join Two Solids; Using SUBTRACT to Subtract Solids from Other Solids 568

Drawing Solid Shape 1 568

Drawing Solid Shape 2 569

Joining with Union 570

Using Subtract 570

Performing a Hide 571

Exercise 14-1 Part 6, Using Sweep, Helix, Subtract, Loft, Planar Surface, Thicken, and Polysolid to Draw Solid Shapes 571

Sweeping an Object 571

Using Loft 574

Creating a Bowl-Shaped Object 575

Using Planar Surface 575

Using POLYSOLID 576

Exercise 14-1 Part 7, Using Intersection to Form a Solid Model from the Common Volume of Two Intersecting Solids 577

Drawing Two Extruded Shapes at Right Angles to Each Other 578

Using Intersect 579

Wblocking the Intersected Model 580

Completing Exercise 14-1 581

Chapter Summary 583

Chapter Test Questions 583

Chapter Projects 586

Chapter 15 Advanced Modeling 593

Chapter Objectives 593

Introduction 593

Exercise 15-1 Creating a Solid Model of Chair 2 594

Exercise 15-2 Creating a Solid Model of a Patio 597

RENDER 608

Render Quality 608

Destinations 608

Lights 608

Materials 609

Other Commands Available to Render, Animate, Attach Scanned Files, and Shade 3D Models 609

Exercise 15-3 Use Render Commands to Make a Photo-Realistic Rendering of the Solid Model in Exercise 15-2 610

Exercise 15-4 Create a Walk-Through AVI File for the Rendered 3D Patio 621

Chapter Summary 627

Chapter Test Questions 627

Chapter Projects 630

PART IV: APPENDIXES

Appendix A Keyboard Shortcuts 633

Appendix B Shortcut and Temporary Override Keys 641

Glossary 643

Index 647

AutoCAD for Interior Design and Space Planning, 1st edition

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