Educational Psychology, 2nd edition

1. Becoming an Expert

The "Thinking" Triangle

What Is An Expert Teacher?

What Do We Know About Expert Learners?

How Educational Psychology Helps Create Expert Teachers and Learners

I. HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

2. Cognitive Development

Cognitive Development: Concepts for Teaching

Piaget's Stage Theory of Cognitive Development

Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development

Information Processing Theories: Examining Learning and Memory Skills

Three Major Approaches to Cognitive Development: A Comparison

Theory of Mind

Language Development

Brain Development

3. Personal, Gender, Social, and Moral Development

Why Understanding Personal, Gender, Social, and Moral Development Is Important to Teachers

Personal Development: Becoming Unique

Temperament

Sexual and Gender Development: Acquiring Gender Roles

Social Development: Learning to Interact with Others

Moral Development: Acquiring a Sense of Right and Wrong

Identifying, Understanding, and Managing Developmental Risks

II. HUMAN DIVERSITY

4. Individual Differences: Intelligence, Cognitive and Learning Styles, and Creativity

Why Understanding Individual Differences Is Important to Teachers

Understanding Individual Differences in Intelligence

Current Educational Controversies in Intelligence

Cognitive Styles and Learning Styles

Understanding Individual Differences in Creativity

5. Individual Differences: Exceptional Children

Why Understanding Exceptional Children Is Important to Teachers

Teaching Exceptional Children

Extremes of Intellectual Functioning: Giftedness.

Extremes of Intellectual Functioning: Mental Retardation

Challenges to Learning

6. Group Differences: Socioeconomic Status, Ethnicity, Gender, and Language

Why Understanding Group Differences Is Important to Teachers

Socioeconomic Diversity

Ethnic and Racial Diversity

Gender Diversity

Language Diversity

Multicultural Education

III. THINKING, LEARNING, AND MEMORY

7. Behavioral Approaches to Learning

Why Understanding Behavioral Learning Is Important to Teachers

Learning by Classical Conditioning

Learning by Operant Conditioning

Social Learning

Cognitive-Behavioral Modification

8. Cognitive Approaches to Learning

Why Understanding Cognitive Approaches to Learning Is Important to Teachers

The Standard Memory Model

Alternative Models of Memory

Retrieving Information

Constructivist Approaches.

9. Thinking: Concept Formation, Reasoning, and Problem Solving

Why Understanding Thinking Is Important to Teachers

Concept Formation

Reasoning

Problem Solving

Transfer

Decision Making

Teaching for Thinking

IV. MOTIVATION AND INSTRUCTION

10. Motivating Students

Why Understanding Motivation Is Important to Teachers

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

Four Ways to Understand Motivation

The Role of Arousal Level

The Role of Student Goals

The Role of Student Needs

The Role of Student Attributions and Beliefs

Motivating Challenging Students

11. Classroom Management

Why Understanding Classroom Management Is Important to Teachers

How Effective Teachers Manage Their Students

Developing and Implementing Rules and Procedures

Maintaining Control and Preventing Problems

Special Approaches to Classroom Management

12. Classroom Teaching

Why Understanding Classroom Teaching Is Important to Teachers.

Principles of Teacher-Centered Teaching

Principles of Student-Centered or Constructivist Teaching

V. ASSESSMENT

13. Standardized Testing

Why Understanding Standardized Testing Is Important to Teachers

What Are Standardized Tests?

Types of Standardized Tests

Assessing Test Quality

Interpreting Standardized Test Scores

Issues and Concerns in Standardized Testing

14. Classroom Assessments

Why Understanding Classroom Assessments Is Important to Teachers

Traditional Assessments

Authentic Assessment

Grading and Reporting

References

Name Index

Subject Index