Introduction to Behavioral Research Methods, 7th edition

Published by Pearson (August 1, 2016) © 2017

  • Mark R. Leary Duke University

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  • REVEL’s performance dashboard lets educators monitor class assignment completion as well as individual student achievement. It offers actionable information that helps educators intersect with their students in meaningful ways, such as points earned on quizzes and tests and time on task. Of particular note, the trending column reveals whether students' grades are improving or declining – which helps educators identify students who might need help to stay on track.

New and updated content reflects current trends in the field

  • NEW! Replication research is discussed in greater detail, along with the use of registered replication reports (Chapter 1).
  • NEW! The difference between reflective and formative measures is covered, to dispel the erroneous belief that all multi-item scales must have high inter-item reliability (Chapter 3).
  • UPDATED! Additional material on the use of telephone surveys and internet-based research has been added in light of the explosion of cell phone usage and web-based studies (Chapter 5).
  • NEW! Attention is given to shortcomings of traditional null hypothesis significance testing and to alternative approaches to statistical inference involving confidence intervals and effect sizes (Chapter 11).
  • NEW! The two chapters on basic statistical analyses have been reorganized — conceptual issues in statistical inference appear in Chapter 11, and the details of analyses such as t-tests and analysis of variance appear in Chapter 12 — providing greater flexibility in how fundamental statistical issues are covered.
  • NEW! The problems of deductive disclosure and computer security have been added to the discussion of data confidentiality (Chapter 15).
  • NEW! The section on scientific misconduct has been expanded, given recent egregious cases of fraud (Chapter 15).
  • NEW! A new section on “Ethical Issues in Analyzing Data and Reporting Results” has been added to address cleaning data, overanalyzing data, selective reporting, and post hoc theorizing (Chapter 15).
  • NEW! New examples of behavioral research have been added throughout the book.

A rigorous, yet understandable approach explores engaging issues in contemporary research

  • This rigorous, yet readable text provides explanation and examples that not only interest the student, but also make the material more understandable.
  • From the development of a research idea, through measurement issues, to design and analysis — the entire research process is an attempt to understand variability in behavior. Because the concept of variability is woven throughout the research process, the author has used it as a framework to provide coherence to the various topics in the book.
  • Examples of real research, tidbits about the lives of famous researchers, and intriguing controversies that have arisen in behavioral science add context and build interest.
  • Research discussion topics include:
    • Selecting Research Participants
    • Resisting one’s personal biases when conducting research.
    • Effect size indicators.
    • Main effects and interactions.
    • Confidence intervals and the use of error bars.
    • Neuroimaging methods (fMRI).
    • Cross-sequential cohort designs.
    • Research with vulnerable populations.
    • Scientific writing that conforms to the Sixth Edition of APA style.
    • Using PsychInfo.
  • Figures, tables, and an expanded glossary are included.
  • Although this book is focused on research methodology and design, the author has sprinkled essential statistical topics throughout to help students understand the research articles they read. With a better understanding of what becomes of the data they collect, students are able to design more thorough and reliable research studies.
Dynamic content matched to the way today's students read, think, and learn brings content to life
  • Integrated within the narrative, interactives empower students to engage with concepts and take an active role in learning. REVEL's unique presentation of media as an intrinsic part of course content brings the hallmark features of Pearson's bestselling titles to life. REVEL's media interactives have been designed to be completed quickly, so students stay focused and on task.
  • End-of-chapter quizzing affords students opportunities to check their understanding before moving on.
  • REVEL’s integrated writing tools enable educators to introduce writing — among the best ways to foster and assess critical thinking — into the course without significantly impacting their grading burden. Self-paced Journaling Prompts throughout the narrative encourage students to express their thoughts without breaking stride in their reading.
  • REVEL’s fully mobile learning experience enables students to read and interact with course material on the devices they use, anywhere and anytime. Responsive design allows students to access REVEL on their tablet devices and smart phones, with content displayed clearly in both portrait and landscape view.
  • Highlighting, note taking, and a glossary let students read and study however they like. Educators can add notes for students, too, including reminders or study tips.
Superior assignability and tracking tools help educators make sure students are completing their reading and understanding core concepts
  • REVEL’s assignment calendar allows educators to indicate precisely which readings must be completed on which dates. This clear, detailed schedule helps students stay on task by eliminating any ambiguity as to which material will be covered during each class. And when students know what is expected of them, they're better motivated to keep up.
  • REVEL’s performance dashboard lets educators monitor class assignment completion as well as individual student achievement. It offers actionable information that helps educators intersect with their students in meaningful ways, such as points earned on quizzes and tests and time on task. Of particular note, the trending column reveals whether students' grades are improving or declining — which helps educators identify students who might need help to stay on track.
New and updated content reflects current trends in the field
  • Replication research is discussed in greater detail, along with the use of registered replication reports (Chapter 1).
  • The difference between reflective and formative measures is covered, to dispel the erroneous belief that all multi-item scales must have high inter-item reliability (Chapter 3).
  • UPDATED! Additional material on the use of telephone surveys and internet-based research has been added in light of the explosion of cell phone usage and web-based studies (Chapter 5).
  • Attention is given to shortcomings of traditional null hypothesis significance testing and to alternative approaches to statistical inference involving confidence intervals and effect sizes (Chapter 11).
  • The two chapters on basic statistical analyses have been reorganized – conceptual issues in statistical inference appear in Chapter 11, and the details of analyses such as t-tests and analysis of variance appear in Chapter 12 – providing greater flexibility in how fundamental statistical issues are covered.
  • The problems of deductive disclosure and computer security have been added to the discussion of data confidentiality (Chapter 15).
  • The section on scientific misconduct has been expanded, given recent egregious cases of fraud (Chapter 15).
  • A new section on “Ethical Issues in Analyzing Data and Reporting Results” has been added to address cleaning data, overanalyzing data, selective reporting, and post hoc theorizing (Chapter 15).
  • New examples of behavioral research have been added throughout the book.

1. Research in the Behavioral Sciences

2. Behavioral Variability and Research

3. The Measurement of Behavior

4. Approaches to Psychological Measurement

5. Selecting Research Participants

6. Descriptive Research

7. Correlational Research

8. Advanced Correlational Strategies

9. Basic Issues in Experimental Research

10. Experimental Design

11. Analyzing Experimental Data: Basic Concepts

12. Statistical Analysis

13. Quasi-Experimental Designs

14. Single-Case Research

15. Ethical Issues in Behavioral Research

16. Scientific Writing

Mark R. Leary (Ph.D., University of Florida, 1980) is Garonzik Family Professor of Psychology and Neuroscience at Duke University and Director of the Interdisciplinary Behavioral Research Center. Prior to moving to Duke in 2006, Dr. Leary taught at Denison University, the University of Texas at Austin, and Wake Forest University, where he was department chair.

Dr. Leary’s research and writing has centered on social motivation and emotion, with an emphasis on people’s concerns with interpersonal evaluation and the negative effects of excessive self-focused thought. He has published 12 books and more than 200 scholarly articles and chapters on topics such as self-presentation, self-attention, social emotions (such as social anxiety, embarrassment, and hurt feelings), interpersonal rejection, and self-esteem. His books include: Social Anxiety, Interpersonal Rejection, The Social Psychology of Emotional and Behavioral Problems, Self-Presentation, Introduction to Behavioral Research Methods, Handbook of Self and Identity, and The Curse of the Self.

In addition to serving on the editorial boards of numerous journals, Dr. Leary was founding editor of Self and Identity, editor of Personality and Social Psychology Review, and President of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. He is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association, the Association for Psychological Science, and the Society for Personality and Social Psychology. He was the recipient of the 2011 Lifetime Career Award from the International Society for Self and Identity and the recipient of the 2015 Scientific Impact Award from the Society for Experimental Social Psychology.

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