Reid Guide for College Writers, The, 12th edition

Stephen P. Reid
, Dominic A. Delli Carpini

Learn more, spend less

Listen on the go
Learn how you like with full eTextbook audio
Find it fast
Quickly navigate your eTextbook with search
Stay organized
Access all your eTextbooks in one place
Easily continue access
Keep learning with auto-renew

The Reid Guide for College Writers was formerly known as The Prentice Hall Guide for College Writers.

The Reid Guide for College Writers is built for the new world of college writing, with research and writer's purpose at the core. Today's writing, and writing instruction, have changed well beyond digital and visual delivery of texts; dramatic changes also are found in all stages of the writing process. This text is built for the new world of college writing, where you are not only a writer, but also a designer.

The 12th Edition continues its emphasis on finding and using authoritative materials. It encourages you to become an active researcher as you move from observing and investigating to more traditional academic research. The authors help you see the full spectrum of primary and secondary research, including the array of technologies that can help you find, evaluate, reflect on and synthesize your research into well-formed arguments.

I. THINGS WRITERS DO

Forming a Writer's Habits of Mind
- Thinking Like a Writer: Key Habits of Mind
- Warming Up: Freewriting, Looping, and Reflecting
- Acting Like a Writer: Forming Good Habits of Practice
- Writer's Rituals: Place, Time, and Tools
- Energy and Attitude
- Collecting Ideas: Thinking Broadly About Research
- Informal Writing: Finding Points of View
- Writing Assignment: Multimedia Writing
- Writing as a Team Sport: Collaborating with Others
- Being Responsible: Writing Ethically
- Writing Assignment: Writing Ethically
Situations, Purposes, and Processes for Writing
- The Rhetorical Situation
- Elements of the Rhetorical Situation
- Why the Rhetorical Situation Is Important
- Purposes for Writing
- Writer-Based Purposes
- Subject- and Audience-Based Purposes
- Combinations of Purposes
- Formulating a Thesis
- Audience
- Audience Analysis
- Design Thinking and the Writing Process
- Design Thinking and Audience Analysis
- Genre, Medium, and Style
- Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation
- Writing Assignment: Analyzing the Rhetorical Situation
- Purpose, Audience, and Context in Personal Essays
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Dimensions of the Writing Process
- Collecting
- Shaping and Drafting
- Revising
- The Whole Process
- Writing Assignment
- A Writing Process at Work: Collecting and Shaping
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments
- A Writing Process at Work: Drafting and Revising
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
Reading as a Writer
- Critical Reading Strategies
- Double-Entry Log
- Critical Rereading Guide
- Reading Online Texts
- Summarizing and Responding to an Essay
- Summarizing
- Writing Assignment: Writing a Summary
- Summary of "Why We Still Need Feminism"
- Responding
- Writing Assignment: Writing a Response
- Response to "Why We Still Need Feminism"
- Rhetorical Reading and Analysis
- The Rhetorical Situation
- Rhetorical Analysis Versus Critical Reading
- Rhetorical Appeals
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Rhetorical Analysis Guide
- Writing Assignments: Community Service, Visual Rhetoric
- Using Critical Reading in Your Writing Processes
- Choosing a Subject for Analyzing a Text
- Collecting
- Text Annotation
- Reading Log
- Shaping and Drafting
- Paraphrasing and Quoting
- Avoiding Plagiarism
- Sample Summary
- Response Shaping
- Organizing Summary/Response and Rhetorical Analysis Essays
- Revising
- Guidelines for Revision
- Using Rhetorical Analysis for Critical Reading
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Analyzing and Composing Multimedia Texts
- Rhetorical Appeals in Multimedia Environments
- Appeal to Reason (Logos)
- Appeal to Emotion (Pathos)
- Appeal to Character and Credibility (Ethos)
- Combined Appeals in Multimedia Texts
- The Components of Multimedia Texts
- Analyzing Visual Components
- Analyzing Audio Components
- Analyzing Video Components
- Synthesizing
- Question for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments
- Analyzing Multimedia in Context
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Working with Multimedia as a Reader and as a Writer/Designer
- Writing to Analyze Multimedia Texts
- Using Multimedia to Create or Enhance Your Own Text
- Choosing a Subject
- Collecting
- Shaping and Drafting
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Shaping with Page Design
- Shaping in Digital Platforms
- Revising
- Student Writing
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned

Observing and Remembering
- Narration and Description: Techniques for Observing
- Observing People
- Observing Places
- Techniques for Writing About Memories
- Remembering People
- Remembering Places
- Remembering Events
- Writing Assignments
- Combining Observing and Remembering Techniques
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignment
- Choosing a Subject
- Collecting
- Brainstorming
- Clustering
- Freewriting and Looping
- Shaping and Drafting
- Multigenre and Multimedia
- Chronological Order
- Comparison/Contrast
- Simile and Metaphor
- Voice and Tone
- Dialog
- Title, Introduction, and Conclusion
- Revising
- Using Observing and Remembering in Storytelling
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Investigating
- Investigating Prior Research
- Investigating a Person
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Investigating an Event or Phenomenon
- Question for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments
- Choosing a Subject and a Genre
- Genres for Reporting the Results of Investigations
- Collecting
- Asking Questions
- Research Tips
- Doing Field Research
- Shaping and Drafting
- Inverted Pyramid
- Chronological Order
- Comparison and Contrast
- Title, Introduction, Conclusion, and Graphics
- Revising
- Guidelines for Revision
- Using Investigating to Inform
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Explaining
- Explaining : Definition
- Explaining : Process Analysis
- Explaining : Causal Analysis
- Writing Assignments
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignment
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Choosing a Subject
- Collecting
- Questions
- Branching
- Observing
- Remembering
- Reading
- Investigating
- Shaping and Drafting
- Audience, Genre, and Medium
- Definition and Classification
- Example
- Voice and Tone
- Chronological Order and Process Analysis
- Causal Analysis
- Introduction, Lead-In, Thesis, and Essay Map
- Paragraph Transitions and Hooks
- Body Paragraphs
- Revising
- Using Explaining to Help Readers Understand a Complex Topic
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Evaluating
- Evaluating Commercial Products and Services
- Excerpt from "The 7 Best 3D Printers to Buy in 2018" by Patrick Hyde and Alex Williams
- Evaluating Works of Art
- Evaluating a Work of Art
- Writing Assignments
- Evaluating Performances
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Choosing a Subject
- Collecting
- Observing
- Remembering
- Reading
- Investigating
- Shaping and Drafting
- Audience and Genre
- Analysis by Criteria
- Comparison and Contrast
- Chronological Order 8
- Causal Analysis
- Title, Introduction, and Conclusion
- Revising
- Using Evaluating to Make a Judgment
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned

Arguing
- Claims for Written Argument
- Claims of Fact or Definition
- Claims About Cause and Effect
- Claims About Value
- Claims About Solutions or Policies
- Appeals for Written Argument
- Appeal to Reason (Logos)
- Inductive Logic
- Appeal to Character (Ethos)
- Appeal to Emotion (Pathos)
- Combined Appeals
- Approaches to Argument
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Rogerian Argument
- The Toulmin Method of Argument
- Writing Assignment
- Multigenre Casebook on New Media
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Choosing a Subject
- Collecting
- Narrowing and Focusing Your Claim
- Remembering
- Observing
- Investigating
- Shaping and Drafting
- Listing "Pro" and "Con" Arguments
- Drawing a Circle of Alternative Positions
- Organizing Arguments
- Developing Arguments
- Revising
- Revising Fallacies in Logic
- Using Argument to Seek Common Ground
- Student Writing
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Problem Solving
- Demonstrating That a Problem Exists
- Proposing a Solution and Convincing Your Readers
- Writing Assignment
- Mini-Casebook on the Opioid Crisis
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Choosing a Subject
- Collecting
- Identifying and Focusing on the Specific Problem
- Demonstrating That the Problem Needs a Solution
- Discovering Possible Solutions
- Evaluating Possible Solutions
- Convincing Your Readers
- Answering Possible Objections to Your Proposal
- Listing Possible Steps for Implementation
- Observing
- Remembering
- Reading and Investigating
- Shaping and Drafting
- Genres for Problem Solving
- Outlines for Problem Solving
- Causal Analysis
- Criteria Analysis
- Chronological Order
- Revising
- Using Problem Solving to Present Solutions
- Student Writing
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Responding to Literature
- Responding as a Reader
- Responding as a Writer
- Character
- Plot
- Narrative Point of View
- Setting
- Style
- Theme
- Writing Assignments
- Two Kinds of Literature: Narrative and Poetry
- Responding to Stories
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Responding to Poetry
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Choosing
- Collecting
- Shaping and Drafting
- Evaluating
- Arguing
- Investigating Changes in Interpretation
- Revising
- Using Literary Analysis in Your Writing Processes
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Researching
- Developing a Topic, Purpose, and Audience
- Know Your Purpose
- Accommodate Your Audience
- Planning Research
- Brainstorm Available Sources
- Use Question Analysis
- Types of Sources
- General Reference Materials
- Primary and Secondary Sources
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Field Research
- Evaluating Sources: Relevance, Currency, Reliability
- Evaluating Academic Journals
- Evaluating Open Web Sources
- Evaluating Wikis and Blogs
- Researching: Writing Processes
- Choosing: Narrowing and Focusing Your Topic
- Collecting
- Annotating Sources and Notetaking
- Summarizing a Text
- Recording Careful Bibliographic Notes
- Rethinking and Revising Your Working Thesis
- Shaping and Drafting Your Research Proposal
- Questions for Shaping Your Research Proposal
- Planning
- Organizing
- Drafting an Annotated Working Bibliography
- Revising
- Using a Proposal to Develop Your Researched Writing Processes
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned
Researched Writing
- Writing a Working Thesis
- Establishing Claims
- Using Sources to Support Your Claims
- Synthesizing Sources
- Avoiding Plagiarism
- Citing Sources Accurately
- Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Using MLA or APA Citations
- Introducing and Citing Sources
- Shaping and Drafting
- Questions for Shaping Your Researched Essay
- Planning a Line of Reasoning
- Developing a Working Outline
- Revising
- Documenting Sources: MLA
- In-Text Documentation: MLA Style
- Content or Supplementary Notes
- Works Cited List: MLA Style
- Documenting Sources: APA
- In-Text Documentation: APA Style
- References List: APA Style
- Sample Student MLA Paper
- Questions for Writing and Discussion
- Writing Assignments: Applying What You Have Learned

Preparing for and Taking an Essay Exam
Know Your Audience
Analyze Key Terms
Make a Sketch Outline
Question for Writing and Discussion
Know the Material
Practice Timed Writing
Proofread and Edit
Sample Essay Questions and Responses

How to Edit and Proofread
- Proofreading Marks
- Editing Symbols
- Tips for Editing and Proofreading

Section 1: Review of Basic Sentence Elements
- 1A Sentence Structure
- 1B Nouns and Pronouns
- 1C Adjectives and Adverbs
- 1D Verbs
- Principal Parts of Verbs
- 1E Phrases and Clauses
- Phrases
- Clauses
- 1F Articles, Prepositions, Interjections
- Articles
- Prepositions
- Interjections
Section 2: Sentence Structure and Grammar
- 2A Fragments
- 2B Mixed Constructions and Faulty Predication
- Mixed Constructions
- Faulty Predication
- 2C Dangling Modifiers and Misplaced Modifiers
- Dangling Modifiers
- Misplaced Modifiers
- 2D Faulty Parallelism
- 2E Active and Passive Voice
- Active Voice
- Passive Voice
- 2F Nominals and Be Verbs
- Nominals
- Verbs
- 2G Subject-Verb Agreement
- 2H Verb Tense
- 2I Pronoun Agreement
- 2J Pronoun Reference
Section 3: Diction and Style
- 3A Vague Words
- 3B Wordiness
- 3C Clichés and Jargon
- Clichés
- Jargon
- 3D Sexist Language
- 3E Denotation and Connotation
- 3F Usage Glossary
Section 4: Punctuation and Mechanics
- 4A Sentence Punctuation
- 4B Comma Splices and Fused Sentences
- 4C Commas
- Commas for Introductory Elements
- Items in a Series
- Nonrestrictive Elements
- Unnecessary Commas
- Coordinate Adjectives
- Dialog
- Addresses and Dates
- 4D Periods and Semicolons
- Periods
- Semicolons
- 4E Colons and Dashes
- Colons
- Dashes
- 4F Exclamation Points and Question Marks
- Exclamation Points
- Question Marks
- 4G Quotation Marks and Ellipses
- Quotation Marks
- Ellipsis Marks
- Punctuation with Quotation Marks
- 4H Italics
- 4I Parentheses and Brackets
- Parentheses
- Brackets
- 4J Apostrophes and Hyphens
- Apostrophes
- Hyphens
- 4K Capitals and Numbers
- Capitals
- Numbers

Technology and Human Nature
- *Adam Richman, "Can Citizen Journalism Pick Up the Pieces?"
- Caterina Fake, "FOMO and Social Media"
- Cathleen A. Cleaver, "The Internet: A Clear and Present Danger?"
- Danah Boyd and Alice Marwick, "Bullying as True Drama"
- Jennifer Holladay, "Cyberbullying"
- Mark A. Wilson, "Professors Should Embrace Wikipedia"
- Multigenre Casebook on New Media
- Neil L. Waters, "Why You Can't Cite Wikipedia in My Class"
- University of Utah News Center, "Drivers on Cell Phones Are as Bad as Drunks"
Technology and Democracy
- *Adam Richman, "Can Citizen Journalism Pick Up the Pieces?"
- Bo Franklin, "Do Social Media Threaten Democracy?"
- Cathleen A. Cleaver, "The Internet: A Clear and Present Danger?
- Gordon Hull, "Why Social Media May Not Be So Good for Democracy"
The Impact of Science
- Bill Foster, "Fight the Opioid Epidemic with Science"
- Billy Amtmann, "Space Travel: The Newest Developments on the New Frontier" [student essay]
- Leah Miller, "Animal Testing Is Still Necessary" [student essay]
- *Maddie Drenkhan, Amber Moore, and Vikas Munjal, "A Proposal for Addressing the Opioid Crisis in Hocking County, Ohio" [student PowerPoint research presentation]
- Nora Volkow and Francis Collins, "All Scientific Hands on Deck"
- Paige Koch, "Investigating the Ebola Outbreak" [student essay]
Health and Mental Health Issues
- *Anne Wilson Schaef, from When Society Becomes an Addict
- *Daria J. Kuss and Mark D. Griffiths, "Social Networking and Addiction: Ten Lessons Learned"
- Jennifer Holladay, "Cyberbullying"
- *Kate K. Diamond and Michael J. Stebleton, "Do You Understand What It Means to Be Hungry?"
- *Maddie Drenkhan, Amber Moore, and Vikas Munjal, "A Proposal for Addressing the Opioid Crisis in Hocking County, Ohio" [student PowerPoint research presentation]
- Mini-Casebook on the Opioid Epidemic
- Paige Koch, "Investigating the Ebola Outbreak" [student essay]
- Utah News Center, "Drivers on Cell Phones Are as Bad as Drunks"
Educational Issues
- Deborah Tannen, "How Male and Female Students Use Language Differently"
- Dudley Erskine Devlin, "Plagiarism in America"
- Jessica McQuarrie, "The Introvert's Guide to the First Week of College"
- Hannah Grice, "What It's Like Having an Eating Disorder the First Week of College"
- Luz Ruiz, "Why I Decided to Go to College: I Want to Be an Educated Mexican-American"
- Mark A. Wilson, "Professors Should Embrace Wikipedia"
- Neil H. Petrie, "Athletes and Education"
- Neil L. Waters, "Why You Can't Cite Wikipedia in My Class"
- Stefanie Fuchs, "Reggio Emilia's Advanced Educational System" [student essay]
- Suze Orman, "How to Take Control of Your Credit Cards"
Literacy and Language
- *Adam Richman, "Can Citizen Journalism Pick Up the Pieces?"
- Cathleen A. Cleaver, "The Internet: A Clear and Present Danger?"
- Deborah Tannen, "The Argument Culture"
- Maira Mahmuda, "Are You Ready?"
- Suze Orman, "How to Take Control of Your Credit Cards"
Gender Roles
- Casey Cavanaugh, "Why We Still Need Feminism"
- Deborah Tannen, "How Male and Female Students Use Language Differently"
- *Dorothea Lange, "Migrant Agricultural Worker's Family" and "Migrant Mother" [images]
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions"
- Kate Chopin, "The Story of an Hour" [fiction]
- Patricia Smith, "Talking Wrong"
- Pencil Sketch of Elizabeth Cady Stanton
The Experience of Diversity
- Daniel "Nane" Alejandrez, "César Chávez Saved My Life"
- David Sirota, "How Baseball Explains Modern Racism"
- *Dorothea Lange, "Migrant Agricultural Worker's Family" and "Migrant Mother" [images]
- Jessica McQuarrie, "The Introvert's Guide to the First Week of College"
- *Jeanne Wakatsuke, from Farewell to Manzanar
- Hannah Grice, "What It's Like Having an Eating Disorder the First Week of College"
- Luz Ruiz, "Why I Decided to Go to College: I Want to Be an Educated Mexican-American"
- *Maira Mahmuda, "Interview" [student empathy interview]
- Patricia Smith, "Talking Wrong"
Making Aesthetic Judgments
- *Andrew O'Hehir, "It Fit My Personality to Be Collaborating with the Unknown Future"
- Ann Hornaday, "Selma: Humanizing Rev. Martin Luther King"
- *Dorothea Lange, "Migrant Mothers and Children in a Tent" and "Migrant Mother" [images]
- Emily Dickinson, "I'm Nobody! Who are you?"
- Kate Chopin, "The Story of an Hour"
- Mural of César Chávez [image]
- Pat Russell, "Death: The Final Freedom" [student essay]
Addressing Social and Cultural Issues
- Carolyn Kleiner Butler, "Coming Home"
- Carrie Gingrich, "Learning about the Rwandan Genocide: Misconceptions and Film" [student research essay]
- Daniel "Nane" Alejandrez, "César Chávez Saved My Life"
- David Sirota, "How Baseball Explains Modern Racism"
- Deborah Tannen, "The Argument Culture"
- Dorothea Lange, "Migrant Agricultural Worker's Family" and "Migrant Mother" [images]
- Elizabeth Cady Stanton, "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions"
- *Kate K. Diamond and Michael J. Stebleton, "Do You Understand What It Means to Be Hungry?"
- Suze Orman, "How to Take Control of Your Credit Cards"
- Tess Pernin, "Eating with Peace and Joy"
Business and Consumer Issues
- Ariel Rose, "Review of World Grills"
- Billy Amtmann, "Space Travel: The Newest Developments on the New Frontier" [student essay]
- *Jennifer Owrutsky, Emily Greeninger, Kim Starke, and Danielle Gemperline, "Recommendations for Improving our Student-Run Business" [student PowerPoint presentation]
- *Patrick Hyde and Alex Williams, "The 7 Best 3D Printers to Buy in 2018"
- Suze Orman, "How to Take Control of Your Credit Cards"

Your questions answered

What's Pearson+?

Pearson+ is a one-stop shop for eTextbooks and Study & Exam Prep (also referred to as Channels), both designed to help students get better grades in college. eTextbooks and Study & Exam Prep can be purchased separately or together. eTextbooks have built-in tools that simplify studying, like flashcards, audiobook and search. Study & Exam Prep includes video lessons, practice problems, study guides, Q&A with experts and more, to help you understand tricky topics and get you prepared for test time — all in one place.

What's an eTextbook?

Does Pearson+ offer an eTextbook rental?

Pearson+ offers an eTextbook rental, billed as a 6-month subscription. A subscription includes instant access to your eTextbook, including study tools such as the ability to create custom flash cards, take notes, and the option to search and highlight important info in your eTextbook. You can also bundle your eTextbook with Study & Exam Prep. When you check out, you can make a one-time, up-front payment for your eTextbook, or you can choose to pay monthly. If you opt for monthly payments, we will charge your payment method each month until your 6-month subscription ends. If something happens and you need your eTextbook for longer than 6 months, select Extend subscription on the Manage subscription page in My account at any time to continue your subscription before it ends.

What subjects are included in the Study & Exam Prep subscription?

A Study & Exam Prep subscription includes video lessons, practice problems and other study tools. With a subscription, you'll get unlimited access to the full range of subjects:

General Chemistry

Physics

General Biology

Financial Accounting

Psychology

Microeconomics

Anatomy & Physiology

College Algebra

Organic Chemistry

Genetics

GOB Chemistry

Intro to Chemistry

Microbiology

Cell Biology

Analytical Chemistry

Trigonometry

Precalculus

Biochemistry

Macroeconomics

Calculus

Statistics

How does auto-renewal work for eTextbooks?

When you purchase an eTextbook subscription, it will last 6 months. You can renew your subscription by selecting Extend subscription on the Manage subscription page in My account before your initial term ends. If you extend your subscription, we'll automatically charge you every month. If you made a one-time payment for your initial 6-month term, you'll now pay monthly. To make sure your learning is uninterrupted, please check your card details. To avoid the next payment charge, select Cancel subscription on the Manage subscription page in My account before the renewal date. You can subscribe again in the future by purchasing another eTextbook subscription.

What's Channels/Study & Exam Prep?

Does Channels/Study & Exam Prep replace my textbook?

How does the Channels/Study & Exam Prep subscription work?

When you choose a Channels subscription, you're signing up for a 1-month, 3-month or 12-month term and you make an upfront payment for your subscription. By default, these subscriptions auto-renew at the frequency you select during checkout. You'll have access to the full video library across all 19 subjects once you've subscribed. You can bundle Channels (also referred to as Study & Exam Prep) with your eTextbook at the time of purchase. Bundle subscription terms vary. You can choose your subscription term and payment frequency at checkout.

How does auto-renewal work with Channels/Study & Exam Prep?

When you purchase a Channels subscription, it will last 1 month, 3 months or 12 months, depending on the plan you chose. Your subscription will automatically renew at the end of your term unless you cancel it. We use your credit card to renew your subscription automatically. To make sure your learning is uninterrupted, please check your card details. If your payment method fails, we'll send you an email with instructions for how to update it.

Reid Guide for College Writers, The, 12th edition

Learn more, spend less

Table of Contents

I. THINGS WRITERS DO

II. TECHNIQUES FOR COLLECTING AND STRUCTURING IDEAS

III. PURPOSES AND GENRES

APPENDIX: WRITING UNDER PRESSURE

Handbook

Handbook Index

Index

THEMATIC CONTENTS

Your questions answered

Pearson+

SUBJECTS

Get the app