Trigonometry
±1+cos2xcosx\pm\frac{\sqrt{1+\cos^2x}}{\cos x}
±cos2x−1cosx\pm\frac{\sqrt{\cos^2x-1}}{\cos x}
±1−cos2x1+cos2x\pm\frac{\sqrt{1-\cos^2x}}{1+\cos^2x}
±1−cos2xcosx\pm\frac{\sqrt{1-\cos^2x}}{\cos x}