When a memory is being formed, several changes take place in the brain in a process called

• A. automatic encoding.
• B. encoding specificity.
• C. deep processing.
• D. consolidation.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of memory formation: Memory formation involves the process by which experiences are encoded, stored, and later retrieved. This process is crucial for learning and retaining information.
2. Learn about consolidation: Consolidation is the process by which short-term memories are transformed into long-term memories. This involves structural and chemical changes in the brain, making the memory more stable and less susceptible to interference.
3. Differentiate between the terms: Automatic encoding refers to the effortless and automatic process of encoding information, often without conscious awareness. Encoding specificity is the principle that memory is improved when information available at encoding is also available at retrieval. Deep processing involves encoding information in a meaningful way, leading to better retention.
4. Identify the role of consolidation in memory: Consolidation is essential for stabilizing a memory trace after the initial acquisition. It involves the strengthening of synaptic connections and can occur over a period of time, ranging from minutes to years.
5. Recognize the importance of consolidation in the context of the problem: In the given problem, consolidation is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the changes in the brain that occur to stabilize and store memories, distinguishing it from other processes like automatic encoding or deep processing.