The behavior of infants and animals can be easily reinforced using

• A. secondary reinforcers.
• B. toys.
• C. primary reinforcers.
• D. partial reinforcement.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of reinforcement in psychology, which is a process that increases the likelihood of a behavior by providing a consequence that is rewarding.
2. Differentiate between primary and secondary reinforcers. Primary reinforcers are naturally reinforcing because they satisfy biological needs (e.g., food, water), while secondary reinforcers are learned and acquire their value through association with primary reinforcers (e.g., money, praise).
3. Consider the context of the problem: the behavior of infants and animals. These groups are more likely to respond to primary reinforcers because they are directly linked to basic needs.
4. Evaluate the options given: secondary reinforcers, toys, primary reinforcers, and partial reinforcement. Recognize that toys can be a form of secondary reinforcer if they are associated with play or comfort.
5. Conclude that primary reinforcers are the most effective in reinforcing behavior in infants and animals due to their direct connection to biological needs, making them inherently motivating.